How to adopt a child: from an orphanage and from an orphanage

This makes me very happy. After all, in this way, it is possible to reduce the number of children who are left without parental care and live in orphanages throughout the country.

Babies abandoned by their mothers and close relatives are, unfortunately, a common phenomenon.

How to adopt a child from an orphanage is a rather painful and responsible question..

After all, taking on all the burdens of raising a child, people do not always realize that this legal procedure will change their lives forever. For childless couples, this is a chance to become real parents.

According to statistics, among those adopting there are couples who already have their own children. At the same time, they just want to save the kids, become their support and a real family.

Such people give their strength, resources and love to a small child in order to change his fate by taking the little one out of the house.

Adoption is a long and complex process. It requires a lot of strength. The only thing that helps to overcome all obstacles is the desire to be close to the baby, not to leave him halfway, not to let him down.

It is very important that potential parents are not hampered by deliberately incorrect ideas about the baby. The adoptive parents should love him as if they were their own, not for any specific qualities that may not be in him, but without any conditions.

After adoption, it takes time for both the child and the parents to create a new order in their lives. It should be understood that the baby will not always behave as expected of him.

If potential parents are prepared for the meeting and do not create illusions about this, then there will be no disappointments.

Motives for adopting a baby

There can be quite a few motives that motivate adoption. This is not done out of boredom, but because of the current difficult life situation.

Among them are the following:

1. A woman cannot give birth herself due to illness, but wants to please her husband so that he feels like a full-fledged father, and she feels like a mother.
2. A man and a woman want to make an orphan from an orphanage happy.
3. The feeling of inferiority of people who themselves cannot have children.
4. The desire to raise heirs so that they can take care of their parents in old age when infirmity sets in.
5. The daughter gave birth to a baby at a very early age and her parents want to keep the child in the family, but so that the daughter’s reputation does not suffer, they themselves want to become parents for their grandson.
6. Potential parents want to give love and care to a bereaved child.
7. Wealthy people want to raise an heir to their property.

The desire to take a child from an orphanage is explained by the fact that it is easiest to raise a baby who does not yet have any memory, skills, or habits.

Most parents think that such a child can shape his character according to his wishes.

How to take a child from an infant home

All infant homes operate on the basis of the Decree of the Ministry of Health “Regulations on the Orphanage” and specific instructions on the admission and discharge of babies. Orphans and “refuseniks” most often end up in such institutions .

Minor mothers, students who prefer to finish their studies, drug addicts, alcohol addicts, abandon their children and do not think at all about their future.

Married couples who cannot have children for medical reasons stand in line to give them good upbringing, support, love and care. Therefore, first of all, you should figure out how to take custody of a child from an orphanage.

This procedure is quite complex and lengthy. Adopting a child from an orphanage must begin with obtaining an adoption permit from the guardianship authorities.

First you need to go there and write a statement about your desire to become parents of a small child. The guardianship authorities will give you a list of documents that need to be collected.

In addition, you need to do the following:

• undergo a medical examination;
• wait for the guardianship authorities to check the living conditions of the potential parent;
• take foster parenting courses;
• obtain a conclusion on the possibility of adoption.

But you should not choose a child according to your own ideas that have developed: to have eyes of a certain color, curly hair, a straight nose and ears that do not stick out. The child should seem like family and friends.

After choosing a baby, you need to familiarize yourself with its data:

1. Find out the reason why the baby ended up in this position.
2. Who were his parents?
3. What is his state of health?

It is very commendable when people are ready to take a sick child, treat him and raise him. But in any case, you need to require a thorough examination of the baby before adoption.

A three-year-old child is able to tell himself what hurts and where. From this we can draw conclusions whether he thinks correctly, develops physically and intellectually, and whether there are any mental deviations.

In a baby who is only 2 months old, only doctors can identify all diseases and developmental abnormalities. In baby homes, examination of babies should be carried out free of charge.

If the employees of the institution demand money, the adoptive parents have every right to complain to the prosecutor's office. You can go there if you discover terrible living conditions for children or poor treatment of them by staff.

In judicial practice, there were cases when, at the request of potential parents who came to the orphanage to meet the baby, inspections revealed abuse of medical and teaching staff, violations of hygiene and sanitation, and irresponsible attitude towards children.

Then you should contact the guardianship authorities again, they will help prepare the necessary documents for the court . In accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation, adoption is established only by court authorities.

Documents required for adoption

Having found out with the help of the guardianship and trusteeship authorities what documents are needed to adopt a child from an orphanage, you should definitely make copies of the passport of each spouse and the marriage registration certificate.

So, you need to submit the following list of papers to the court:

1. An application that must contain information about the future parents, information about the baby and the biological parents who abandoned him. The application must indicate whether the adoptive parents insist on changing the child’s surname. It is served at the place where the baby is registered.
2. Copies of identification documents.
3. Provide information about your marital status—married or divorced. If the adoptive parent is single, then a birth certificate.
4. Conclusion from a medical institution on suitability for adoption.
5. Consent of the spouse, in the case when the adoption will be registered in the name of one person.
6. A document from the place of work, which confirms the income level of each adoptive parent.
7. A document indicating the availability of your own home.

Guardianship and trusteeship authorities must provide documents on the contacts of potential parents with the baby . But even after preparing all the necessary papers, you should prepare yourself that it is almost impossible to adopt a healthy newborn baby without a waiting list.

In most cases, there are much fewer such children than those willing to adopt. An older child can be adopted without a waiting list.

It is possible to select a child from a computer database. In Russia, more than 50 banks are connected into a single network. Thus, finding your baby can only take a few minutes.

But it is worth considering that feelings defy logic. It is hardly possible to know in advance which baby the parents will love.

Therefore, a computer recommendation should be treated as a starting point; it only helps in finding children of a specific age and nationality.

Requirements for adoptive parents of newborns

A newborn is a person who is not adapted to the environment and is not strong enough. He requires a lot of attention and almost all of mom's time. It’s hard to do without the help of her husband, the new dad.

What is needed to adopt a child from an orphanage in Russia is almost no different from the requirements for the adoption of older children. Namely:

1. The age of majority of both potential parents.
2. Availability of your own housing of sufficient space.
3. Availability of work and regular income for a normal existence.
4. No criminal record for unlawful acts involving harm to human health.
5. Mental and physical health.
6. Candidates should not be those who have been deprived of parental rights or adoptive parents who have already tried to raise children and returned them, as well as guardians who have been deprived of this title.
7. The absence of bad habits is required.
8. The age difference with the baby must be at least 16 years.
9. Lack of citizenship of the United States or other countries where same-sex marriage is legal.

Your health status must be confirmed by passing a medical examination.

If you comply with all of the above and have the necessary documents, you can prepare for the court hearing. The adoptive parents, guardianship officials and the prosecutor are present at the trial.

Potential parents should explain why they decided to take the child from the orphanage.

It is necessary to present convincing arguments, since the prosecutor must understand that the child is adopted for the sake of his happy future, and not for some calculated reasons.

After the court makes a positive decision on adoption, the baby can be taken to your home and registered with the registry office. Adopted children are considered equal to their own children.

Therefore, the legislation of the Russian Federation provides for payments for adoptive parents in the same amounts and terms as for parents in ordinary families.

Adopting a baby is not an easy and lengthy process. But with a great desire, this can be done. A newly born baby can be adopted in a maternity hospital or in a baby home.

The most important thing is that the adoptive parents can love this child, without any conditions, and become his real parents.

Video: Procedure for adopting a child

Source: http://semeinoe-pravo.net/kak-usynovit-rebenka-iz-doma-malyutki/

What does it take to adopt a child from an orphanage?

Open to everyone who wants to adopt a child from an orphanage, the database allows you to get the first information about the child you like and provides brief information about his location. Often it is the study of the bank that pushes potential adoptive parents to take the first step, but the decision made entails a lot of questions.

What is adoption

Adoption is a form of family arrangement for children with equalization of their personal and property rights and obligations to relatives by birth in relation to adoptive parents. In this case, children lose all rights and responsibilities to their biological parents.

Read also: Establishing paternity after the death of the father: judicial practice, sample application to the court

In Russia, the procedure for adopting a minor - abandoned, abandoned in a medical institution, placed in a children's (baby) home or orphanage - is regulated by federal regulations.

The fact of adoption is established by the court. At the request of the adoptive parents, it is possible to change the baby’s surname and first name, change the place, as well as the date of his birth by three months in one direction or another.

Cancellation of adoption can only be carried out in court.

Where can you adopt a newborn?

The age of the person being adopted, as well as his gender and ethnicity, depend on the preferences of the future parents. Most often, the choice falls on babies under three years old.

The motives of adults are different: it is easier to establish contact with a baby, he is more open to everything new, he has less pronounced or absent attachment disorders, and in addition, it is easier to correct negative aspects of mental and physical health, if any.

Often, adoptive parents express a desire to adopt a very small child, and then the question arises - where and how they can adopt a newborn child. You can find such a baby either with the help of the guardianship authorities in an orphanage or hospital, or you can find out about him directly in the maternity hospital.

Differences between adoption from an orphanage and a baby home

Children from birth to the age of three are in orphanages. You can adopt a child over three years old from an orphanage.

Regardless of the age of the adoptee, the stages of the procedure will include the collection of necessary documents and control by government agencies.

The only difference between the adoption of children from orphanages and orphanages is the need to obtain the consent of the adoptees upon reaching the age of ten years. The same consent will be required when changing personal data.

Who can become an adoptive parent

So, the potential parent has made a decision: “I want to adopt a child.” Now it is important to find out whether the law allows him to do this.

Requirements for adoptive parents

Adoptive parents can be adult citizens of both sexes. Adoption is prohibited:

• incapacitated or partially capable persons, as well as married couples if one of the spouses is incompetent (the fact is established by the court);
• persons with deprivation or restriction of parental rights;
• evading parenting and not living with the child for more than six months for unjustified reasons;
• former guardians removed for improper performance of duties, as well as former adoptive parents after the adoption was canceled;
• citizens with significant health problems (the list of diseases is approved by law), with insufficient total income and/or lack of housing;
•  persons with an unexpunged criminal record.

Citizens who are not officially married cannot adopt the same child. Future parents must be 16 years or more older than the adoptee, however, in exceptional cases, this requirement may not be taken into account by the court.

How to adopt from a maternity hospital

Legal adoption from a maternity hospital is almost impossible. An exception is the consent of biological parents to adoption in favor of certain persons. After an official refusal is issued or the baby is abandoned by the mother in the maternity hospital (with the corresponding act being drawn up), he comes under the control of the guardianship authorities.

In the coming days he will be transferred to a hospital and then to an orphanage. It is from these institutions that the adoptive parents can already pick up the baby with a complete package of documents. The procedure usually takes about two to three months.

In some cases, it is possible to speed up the process, but even if the baby does not have time to be placed in a baby home, the registration will take some time (at least a month).

How to adopt a baby from an orphanage

The adoption of a young child from an orphanage takes place in accordance with the rules approved by law. The procedure for preparing documents is common for all cases.

It must be taken into account that not all children in an orphanage are refuseniks. A large percentage are children removed from dysfunctional families.

Often they do not have adoption status, and it is only possible to take them into guardianship, sometimes with subsequent adoption.

Registration procedure

Candidate adoptive parents begin the procedure for adopting a child placed in an orphanage by undergoing psychological and legal training. Close relatives of the adoptee, citizens who already have adopted children or guardians are exempt from the obligation to study at the School of Adoptive Parents.

Where to contact

Those wishing to adopt a child must contact the guardianship and trusteeship authorities at their place of residence (registration). Representatives of the authorities will give directions for training, tell you what list of documents is needed to adopt a child from an orphanage, and coordinate the further procedure.

Documents required for adoption

As a rule, the list of documents for adoption from an orphanage includes:

1. Certificate of completion of training.
2. A certificate of the established form confirming completion of a medical examination.
3. Certificate of no criminal record.
4. Documents confirming the presence of registration, as well as the right to the occupied living space (social or commercial tenancy agreement, certificate of ownership).
5. A copy of the financial and personal account indicating the absence of debt on utility bills.
6. Certificate of housing compliance with sanitary standards.
7. A certificate of salary and position held (or documents confirming the place of work and a sufficient level of income), a reference from the place of work.
8. Autobiography.
9. A copy of the marriage certificate for spouses, passport, pension certificate.
10. Consent of other children in the family, if they have reached the age of 10 years, as well as of the husband/wife, in the case of adoption of a child by only one of them.
11. Application with a request to issue a conclusion from the guardianship authorities on the possibility of becoming an adoptive parent.

A medical examination is mandatory for everyone. The certificate is valid for 6 months. The remaining documents are valid for one year.

At the final stage, after inspecting the residential premises, representatives of the guardianship authorities draw up a Housing Inspection Report and give an opinion authorizing the adoption of the baby from an orphanage or baby home.

Reasons for refusal

Failure of citizens to meet any of the requirements specified in the law (presence of serious illnesses, low income, criminal record, etc.) becomes grounds for refusal to register them as candidates for adoptive parents.

The Mystery of Adoption

The state guarantees non-disclosure of information about participants in the process. During the procedure, the secrecy of adoption must be maintained. The right to privacy is stipulated by law. In the future, state control consists of examining the child’s living conditions during the first three years (as a rule, no more than once a year).

Payments upon adoption

Adopted children are considered natural children, therefore adoptive parents are entitled to federal payments in the form of:

• maternity benefits – in case of adoption of an infant under three months of age;
• lump sum benefit at birth – when the baby is up to six months old;
• one-time benefit when transferring children to a family;
• monthly child care allowance for children up to one and a half or three years old;
• maternal capital.

In addition to federal benefits, additional regional benefits are paid if they exist in a given region.

Database

Those wishing to adopt a child from an orphanage can use federal and regional child databases.

It is important to take into account that the federal bank is updated less frequently, so the latest data about the child or children you like who have adoption status can be obtained from regional operators, as well as directly from the guardianship and trusteeship authorities in whose districts the orphanages are located. In addition, information about infants who can be adopted appears in the federal database only after the baby is transferred to an orphanage, so for some time it is available only to the guardianship authorities.

Child's choice

Information about boys and girls in orphanages who are allowed to be adopted can only be obtained after collecting a full package of documents and registering future parents as candidates for adoptive parents.

The choice is not limited by the territory of residence, and the age of the baby from the orphanage to be adopted is regulated only by the recommendation of the guardianship authorities indicated in the conclusion. Issuing a referral restricts the rights of other adoptive parents. They can receive a referral to an orphanage to meet the same child only after the previous candidates have refused.

After the consent is signed by the future parents, the adoptee’s application form is removed from the database, and the documents are transferred to the guardianship authorities for preparation for the court hearing.

Source: https://opekarf.ru/usynovlenie/usynovlenie-iz-doma-malyutki

The procedure for adopting a child from a maternity hospital or orphanage

Adoption issues are the most painful and responsible, because, taking on all the hardships of raising a child, people do not fully realize that this legal procedure will change their lives forever.

In our country there is not such a widespread desire to become foster parents, as, for example, in the USA, and hundreds of thousands of children continue to be in government institutions - orphanages, orphanages, boarding schools.

Dear readers! Our articles talk about typical ways to resolve legal issues, but each case is unique.

If you want to find out how to solve your particular problem, please contact the online consultant form on the right or call the numbers below. It's fast and free!

Motives for adopting a baby

There can be a lot of motives that encourage adoption, and among them are not only the ideas of bored ladies, but also difficult life situations . Here are some of the motives:

• a woman, due to illness, cannot give birth to a child herself and wants to please her husband so that he can feel like a father;
• the husband and wife really both want to make the orphan from the orphanage happier;
• the ambitions and wounded pride of people who themselves cannot have children;
• the desire to raise someone who could take care of old parents later, when weakness sets in;
• a young daughter gave birth to a baby, and her parents want to keep him in the family, but so that the daughter’s reputation does not suffer, they themselves want to become the parents of their own grandson;
• relatives want to give children who have lost their closest relatives for any reason shelter and care;
• wealthy people want to raise a successor, an heir to their wealth, etc.

The easiest way is to adopt a very small child who does not yet have any memory, skills, or habits, but a little one from whom you can mold a character as you wish - this is what most people who want to become parents think.

Read also: Passport for a 14-year-old child: how to get it through government services and through the MFC

Is it possible to adopt a newborn child and where?

Yes, it is quite possible to adopt a recently born boy or a girl. Refused babies from a maternity hospital, where a negligent mother wrote a so-called “refusal” paper, are admitted to the orphanage after a certain time required for paperwork or health improvement.

Thus, a very small baby can be taken in a maternity hospital or in a baby home .

What are the requirements for parents if they want to adopt a baby?

A baby is a very fragile little person, unadapted to our environment, and requires a lot of attention and almost all the time of a person who calls himself a mother, and the help of her husband - a new father.

The requirements for adoptive parents of infants , in principle, are no different from the requirements for adoptive parents of older children. So what you need:

1. the age of majority of both sexes;
2. availability of housing of sufficient space;
3. security of work and livelihood;
4. no criminal record for crimes related to sexual misconduct, or an outstanding conviction for serious crimes;
5. good health - both physical and mental;
6. they should not be deprived of parental rights, or adoptive parents who have already tried to take on the upbringing and returned children, or guardians who have been deprived of this title;
7. absence of bad habits;
8. the age difference with the child must be at least 16 years;
9. lack of US citizenship (and possibly other countries where same-sex marriage is allowed).

The state of health will have to be clarified by passing a medical examination at a medical institution.

Where are the databases of babies for adoption?

Each of the institutions where children are located creates a questionnaire for everyone who has become a pet of the institution. Be sure to have a photograph, or even better, several, and a brief description of the character, main features, and personality traits.

The completed questionnaire is sent to the guardianship authorities, from there to the regional data bank and then to the federal one. At the same time , each of the potential parents needs to be aware that the description and characteristics should not be trusted too much .

It’s not that the creation of a questionnaire is treated superficially - no, it’s just that a baby, having been there for a short time, cannot immediately show all his sides of character and disposition, and if this is a baby, then what kind of character and its characteristics can we talk about? It's more like an advertising brochure.

Databases of babies for adoption are available in the guardianship authorities, in the regional or federal data bank.

How to adopt from a maternity hospital? (step-by-step instruction)

A considerable part of those who want to become parents certainly want to take the newborn straight from the maternity hospital, and this option is possible if the unfortunate mother writes a refusal of the child. There is always a waiting list for abandoned babies , so when you decide to take a baby, you need to prepare mentally and documented.

The actions of future adoptive parents are as follows::

1. contact the PCA (guardianship and trusteeship authorities) to register in the queue for a conscientious objector from the maternity hospital;
2. Receive referrals for a medical examination from the Department of Public Health (there are special forms for this);
3. according to the list issued by the PLO, prepare the entire package of documents;
4. When everything is ready and it’s your turn, you should go to the OOP in full readiness to receive approval for adoption.

A special commission will visit the home of candidates for parents to ensure that there is a decent level of provision with living space and conditions for raising a child. Within approximately two weeks after reviewing the documents, a final answer will be received, and after a signal about the presence of a refusenik in the maternity hospital, it will be possible to continue the registration through the court .

submit an application to the court at the location of the maternity hospital , the same certificates will do (if three months have not passed, then you need to collect it again). Adoptive parents are exempt from paying state fees, so they do not need to pay or attach a receipt. An official document from the PLO indicating their consent and approval will be needed.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dq6YajEHRoc

Despite the fact that the duration of the trial is, according to the rules, within 2 months, when the adoption concerns a newborn, the court makes a decision very quickly. To make things move even faster, you need to ask the court to apply the decision for immediate execution . If you do not do this, you will have to wait 10 days until the court decision comes into force.

By decision of the court, the baby can be taken away immediately, and the maternity hospital must issue a postpartum sick leave from the date the decision enters into legal force until the baby reaches the age of 70 days, and the registry office must be contacted to obtain documents for the baby .

We offer you to download a sample application to the court: Form

The process of adoption from a baby home

As for adopting a baby from home, the process has the same sequence and principles as when adopting from a maternity hospital. But in the orphanage there are babies of all ages , facial features have already formed, the color of the eyes and hair has been established and developed. It is understandable that future parents want to choose the child they like, the desired gender and age.

• After the candidates are approved, the PLO will be given special permission to visit the orphanage , where you can preview the database, and then get to know the little person who needs a family.
• If it suddenly turns out that it is not possible to select a child based on the image formed in your thoughts, you can contact nearby orphanages located in neighboring cities and towns, where you can contact with a conclusion about the possibility of becoming adoptive parents.
• Having studied the information about the children, their data in the card index in the database, you should look again and again, get to know each other until your heart skips a beat.
• Then the court located at the location of the children's institution, at the request of the adoptive parents, with the participation of representatives of the public educational organization, having examined all the documents, will most likely make a positive decision within the period established by law, after which, with a copy of the court decision, it will be possible to take the chosen lucky one home .
• In the registry office, after the adoptive parents apply, changes will be made in the birth registration book regarding the child’s last name and patronymic, and a new birth certificate will be issued.
• If a child is taken from an infant home, when writing a statement of claim to the court, you should be properly prepared so that in the part not descriptive, but below, where all the requirements for the court are indicated, you do not forget anything important, since the court will consider exactly that angle of adoption , which is indicated after the words “We ask the court...”.
• If a desire is not expressed to change the surname, patronymic, even the first name (this is possible if the child is still at a tender age), then after the trial nothing can be done within the framework of the current legal proceedings ; a new process will be required, entailing the expenditure of money, time and nerve cells.

What documents are needed for adoption in both cases?

The list of documents for registration of adoption is uniform, and it consists of the following official documents :

1. application to the PLO;
2. copies of passports;
3. certificate of medical examination;
4. income certificates of both parents, if this is a family;
5. written consent of the second spouse, if one representative of the couple acts as the adoptive parent (notarized);
6. an act on the results of a survey of housing conditions by the commission;
7. act on the results of a survey of the housing conditions of the POO;
8. characteristics from the place of work;
9. extract from the house register;
10. extract from personal account;
11. certificate of no criminal record.

The most serious problem is a medical certificate, consisting of a whole range of examinations . It will be necessary to exclude not only syphilis and HIV, AIDS, but also tuberculosis in any form, and oncological problems. Sometimes they are asked to provide information about the status of their current bank account or write an autobiography.

More details about the required documents are written here.

If you are going to get married, then you will need an article about a marriage contract and an article about changing your last name after marriage.

The Mystery of Adoption

In order for the child to consider himself a relative and relationships in the family are not complicated by the fact that the adopted child found out about his appearance in the family, the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation contains Article 155, according to which the secrecy of adoption must be respected .

The circle of people aware of this scrupulous legal procedure cannot be called narrow: these are employees of the PLO, orphanages, and courts. To eliminate the human factor and the danger of disclosure, the law allows you to change not only the child’s full name, but also the date of birth, and even the place of birth . The difference in time between the actual and fictitious dates of birth should not exceed three months.

Of course, the secrecy of adoption makes sense when they take a baby from a maternity hospital or a baby home , but if they take a child from an orphanage who already remembers a lot and realizes that these are not the people who gave birth to him, then there is no point in creating a halo around the fact of adoption mystery.

Benefits for adopted children

Adopted children are treated like relatives, therefore the laws of the Russian Federation provide for payments for adoptive parents in the same amounts and terms as for parents in ordinary families - sick leave if the child is taken from the maternity hospital, benefits until the child reaches the age of 1.5 years, etc. .

Adoptive parents can receive a lump sum benefit if they apply within 6 months from the date of the trial (from the actual date of adoption), but not a day later. In 2015, this benefit, paid one-time, amounts to 14,497 rubles.

Source: https://2supruga.ru/roditelskie-prava/usynovlenie/rebenok-iz-roddoma-doma-malyutki.html

How to adopt a child from an orphanage?

Potential parents have different motives for taking a child from an orphanage. Often the decision to adopt or foster care is made by childless couples or families with children. Giving a child a childhood and changing his destiny for the better is a good thing.

It would all be so simple if it weren’t for the complexity and length of the adoption procedure. Parents should be patient, collect a lot of documents, prove to the guardianship authorities their sincere expression of will, true intentions to properly raise the child in love and care for him.

How the adoption procedure goes, who can count on a favorable outcome, how to adopt a child from an orphanage in Moscow, and what can be gleaned from the stories of ordinary people who have become adoptive parents, we will consider in more detail in this article.

Read also: Renewing a passport after marriage: documents, deadlines and state fees 2020

How to adopt a child from an orphanage?

If the decision is made consciously and with the understanding that the baby is not a toy and needs love, care, and comfortable living conditions, first of all, you need to visit the baby home you have chosen.

Meeting your children will push you to make a more correct choice; a mother’s heart will quickly tell you which of the children is yours.

Of course, you won’t be able to warm all your children at once, but you can make childhood more joyful for at least one of them.

Important! What parents should keep in mind when considering adoption:

1. accept a child into the family as he is , put pressure on the baby, or subjugate him to your will.
2. Get psychologically ready to welcome a new person into the family , talk about it with your existing children. A child should not be deprived and grow up feeling like a stranger with new parents.
3. Talking about this topic with your relatives , given their negative attitude, it will be extremely difficult for the baby to adapt to new conditions.
4. Under no circumstances should you traumatize the child’s psyche by shouting or hitting the baby. At an early age, children are susceptible and can be offended for any reason.
5. Before adoption, parents are advised to undergo certain psychological tests and listen to lectures at the family school.
6. Check the baby's health and the absence of severe hereditary diseases , so that in the future this does not become a surprise for you and a reason to give the child back.
7. Ask the guardianship authorities to inform you about the baby’s biological parents. What happened to them, did they have significant bad habits, did they have a criminal record, and for what reason were they deprived of parental rights?
8. Assess your financial capabilities; the baby’s material well-being is no less important than love and care. A child should not need food, clothing, or toys.
9. And finally, if you have made a firm decision, visit the baby's home and take a closer look at the kids.

To collect documents, you need to contact the juvenile affairs service, inquire about the list of required documents, and the collection of certificates.

Who can be an adoptive parent?

You can become an adoptive parent only with an impeccable reputation, without a criminal record, disability, or severe chronic illness. The state cares about children and, of course, will not hand anyone over to untrustworthy hands.

According to the legislation of the Russian Federation, an adoptive parent can become: 

• mentally healthy and balanced parent at least 21 years old;
• the age limit is lowered if the baby is a relative of the adoptee;
• married couples in an official or civil marriage;
• parents , at least 15 years older than the child;
• when a child is adopted by one of the parents , the other must give consent in writing, certified by a notary;
• mother, single father, after adoption receive a new status and benefits provided by the state.

Our legislation allows single people to adopt a child. But practice has shown that it is very difficult to do this, even if you have a good job and impeccable living conditions. Guardianship authorities are most picky about single mothers and fathers, although according to the law it doesn’t matter whether you are married or not, you have every right to become a parent.

Child's choice

It’s difficult to give any advice on choosing a baby. The mother's heart should tell what kind of child her child should be, while eye color, nationality, possible deviations in health and development do not matter much.

As advice, we can only recommend choosing according to your heart. If you are adopting a sick child, it is important to understand that the payments due are not all that are due upon adoption. Seeking your own personal gain is unacceptable, but curing a baby, putting him back on his feet, giving his love and affection is worth a lot, although in practice many parents are not psychologically ready for adoption.

After some time, they become disappointed in the choice of the baby. A child is not a thing, always remember this, starting from your first visit to the Baby House.

Documents for adoption

You must provide the guardianship and trusteeship authorities with:

• application, petition for adoption of a child;
• your autobiography;
• consent of husband and wife for adoption (certified by a notary);
• applicant's passport;
• a certificate from the police department of your area stating that there is no criminal record;
• a certificate of income for the last 6 months, indicating unofficial income, if any;
• a certificate from the place of employment (form 2-NDFL) indicating the position and the amount of monthly payments;
• an extract from the house register or personal account indicating all people living at the stated address;
• purchase and sale agreement for a house, apartment, if the housing is owned by the parents;
• a reference from the place of work to both mom and dad only, of course, in a positive way;
• marriage certificate (copy);
• a certificate of health of the potential adoptive parent, you need to undergo a medical examination.

Adoption procedure

The collected package of documents is submitted to the guardianship department for verification. Several employees will come to your home to evaluate the living conditions provided for the baby in reality, and not on paper. If your application is approved, you will be placed on a waiting list.

Perhaps you will eventually receive an invitation to the baby's home to get to know the baby more closely. In most cases, children have relatives, biological grandparents, and preference for adoption is given to them first.

The adoption process can be lengthy, you should be patient and remember that there are always chances. In the absence of conflict or controversial situations, after 2 months you may be invited to court to consider the case at your request. If the judge's verdict is positive, you can take the child home by registering with the registry office at your place of residence.

Attention! Independently defending your rights can lead to disastrous consequences!

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Payments upon adoption of a child

Upon official adoption, the baby is endowed with legal and social rights and has the right to inheritance on an equal basis with all natural children. When adopting, families can count on benefits, child benefits, and payments from the regional and federal budgets.

There are fewer benefits and allowances for children in guardianship; the child still remains on state support, under the wing of the state.

Payments from the country's federal budget can be in the form of: 

• a one-time benefit paid when a baby is transferred to a family , the initial indexation of the benefit is 8,000 rubles, in the regions it is much higher;
• monthly benefit, the amount depends on the average earnings of the adoptive parent , the benefit is paid until the child is 1.5 years old;
• maternity capital , if there are two or more children in the family;
• benefits if the baby has a disability , or if there is a blood relationship with other children. The benefit is 100,000 rubles.

Child adoption stories

Adoption stories are different, but most of them are kind and sincere. It is difficult to love a baby as your own, but many parents with wide, kind hearts and open souls still manage to do it.

Tatyana is raising her three children, has found an approach to her husband and is happily married. One day, sitting on a bench, I met an unkemptly dressed woman with a child about 3 years old. The woman herself offered to give the girl away, Tanya did not know what to answer. After consulting with my husband at home, it was decided to save the girl. They searched for this woman for a very long time, except for the woman’s external data, there was no information.

A couple of weeks later, Tanya got the idea to look for the woman in the same place where she first met her. The mother’s heart did not deceive her, and this is what happened. The child was taken, but they faced a lot of problems.

The girl slept poorly, cried often, and could not wean herself off the bottle for a long time at three years old. Patience and love for the child have done their job, the grown-up baby now helps her mother, feels loved and dear.

What could be more important for a mother?

Source: https://semya911.ru/roditeli/opekunstvo/vzyat-rebenka-iz-doma-malyutki.html

How to adopt a child

To adopt an orphan or a child left without parental care, you will need:

• statement of claim;
• identification document;
• birth certificate - if you are not married;
• marriage certificate - if you are married;
• spouse's consent to adoption - if you are married. If you have ended your family relationship and have not lived together for more than a year, you need to provide a document confirming this. If such a document cannot be obtained, evidence confirming these facts must be indicated in the statement of claim;
• medical report on health status (form No. 164u);
• a certificate from the place of employment about the position held and salary or a copy of the income statement or other document on income;
• a document confirming the right to use residential premises or ownership of residential premises*;
• a document confirming registration as a candidate adoptive parent;
• a document confirming that you have completed training at a foster parent school (not required for close relatives of the child, stepfathers and stepmothers).

If you are a citizen of Russia or a stateless person and permanently reside abroad, or you are a foreign citizen, you will additionally need:

• conclusion of the competent authority of a foreign state on living conditions and the possibility of becoming adoptive parents;
• permission from the competent authority of a foreign state for the entry of an adopted child into this state and his permanent residence in the territory of this state.

The court has the right to request other documents.

Documents of foreign citizens must be legalized and translated into Russian. The translation must be certified by a notary.

All documents are submitted in two copies. If a child is adopted by both spouses, each of them submits a package of documents.

The statement of claim must be filed with the Supreme Court of the republic, the regional court, the court of the federal city, the court of the autonomous region and the court of the autonomous district at the location of the child. In Moscow this is the Moscow City Court.

The judge is required to consider your application within 2 months from the date of its submission. The application is considered behind closed doors. The adoptive parent, a representative of the guardianship and trusteeship authority, the prosecutor, and the child himself, if he is over 14 years old, must be present at the court hearing. Other interested parties, such as the child's parent, may also be present.

Source: https://www.mos.ru/otvet-semya-i-deti/kak-usynovit-rebenka/