How to transfer a child to home schooling: by law, due to illness, at will

In 2019, about 100 thousand students in Russia did not go to school because their parents chose alternative forms of education. The number of such children is growing by about 100% per year, according to a study by the educational conference EdCrunch.

The most popular alternative to school is a family form of education (homeschooling). If you are also looking at this path, it will be useful to find out how to transfer your child to family education in 2020 and what laws regulate this process.

Leila Sazontova’s new book, “Life Without School,” published by Alpina Publisher, is dedicated to the burning issues of homeschooling. Leila took her son Lev out of school when he was in second grade. More than three years have passed since then. We publish an excerpt from the book.

Switching to family education

The law states that a child can be transferred to family education at any level based on an application from the parents (or the child himself, if he is in high school). This is much easier to do than it seems. You need to perform several simple, but at the same time very important steps.

Step 1. Find a suitable educational institution

This is necessary in order to attach to it and calmly pass the certification. The choice of educational institution remains with the parents; registration of the child at the place of residence does not play any role.

Parents themselves decide which school certificate they want to see in their child’s hands - a regular one or, for example, one with in-depth study of some subjects. In any case, the external student will have to report according to the program in which the students of this school study.

In this case, a child who studied at home will receive a certificate absolutely identical to the one that other graduates of this educational institution will have, and the form of education does not appear in it.

Step 2. Discuss with the school administration (head teacher and/or director) the possibility of attaching to an educational institution

It is important to find out whether this form of education is designated as family-based in the school charter. In addition, do not forget to check if there are similar precedents at the school. Of course, being a pioneer is always pleasant and a little exciting, but it is better for you and the child if the administration knows what they are dealing with and competently resolves any difficult and controversial situations that may arise.

Step 3. Notify the relevant local government authorities (usually the district or city department of education) about the transition to family education

Below is an example form of such a notice. It is necessary to prepare two copies of the document with which you will come to the department for an appointment with a specialist. One copy should be endorsed and kept for yourself, the other should be given to officials.

Download the application form to the head of the educational institution.

Step 4. Write an application addressed to the director of the educational institution indicating the reason (even if it is “your own desire”) why you decided to transfer your child to a family form of education

The following documents must be attached to the application: a document proving the identity of one of the parents or confirming the establishment of guardianship (trusteeship) over children left without parental care, a copy of the child’s birth certificate, a 3x4 photograph of the child. Parents who transfer their children to family education after full-time education do not need to provide the administration with any additional certificates.

Step 5. Conclude an appropriate agreement with the educational institution

The contract must reflect information about possible consultations, the procedure for interaction between parents, the student and the educational institution, as well as information about the interim certification of the child.

You can also find a sample of such a document below.

Download a sample notification to the Department of Education.

Step 6. Draw up and approve with teachers a schedule and form for passing certifications, pedagogical and psychological consultations, take the necessary textbooks and teaching aids from the school library

When transferring a child to home schooling, parents take full responsibility for preparing him for tests, tests and exams.

In case of any problems, it is still possible to contact the school teachers, who are obliged to provide methodological assistance.

If parents are unable to ensure that their child completes the school curriculum, the school has the right to terminate the contract and the student will return to class.

Family learning. Law and order

In Russia, family education is enshrined at the legislative level. Moreover, the latest edition of the Federal Law “On Education” gives parents of “home” children room for creativity and the right to choose in many issues: forms and frequency of certifications, programs, teachers, and so on.

However, there is still a long way to go before family education is fully accessible. We often hear that school administrations threaten parents who want to educate their children on their own to tell them “where they should go.”

But “where it should be” turns out to be municipal authorities, district education departments and even juvenile affairs departments.

Such complaints, of course, have no legal force, but they can spoil a lot of nerves for parents.

In order to avoid unnecessary worries, parents need to know the legal framework for family education. There are not so many official documents that would regulate this issue. To be more precise, there are two of them: the Federal Law “On Education in the Russian Federation” of 2013 and the Letter of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation “On the organization of education in the family form.”

In the previous version of the law, in addition to family education and self-education, external studies were prescribed as a form of education. However, in the new law, external studies exist only as a form of certification.

Family education presupposes attachment to school only for passing intermediate and final certifications. At the same time, parents take full responsibility for the education of their children.

If the assessment is not passed twice, the child returns to school.

For children who want to be enrolled in school, but study at home, there is a form of education called correspondence.

According to Article 17 of the Federal Law “On Education”, in the Russian Federation education can be obtained both in organizations carrying out educational activities and outside them, that is, in the form of family education and self-education.

Thus, family education is only a form of education, in no way inferior to traditional schooling.

Let's read the law further. “Training in the form of family education and self-education is carried out with the right to subsequently pass, in accordance with Part 3 of Article 34 of this Federal Law, intermediate and state final certification in organizations engaged in educational activities.”

It is important to pay attention to the word “right” here. Note, not a “duty”.

In other words, children receiving education in the form of family education are not required to undergo certification once every quarter or six months (which cannot be said about final certifications in graduating classes, without successful completion of which the child will not receive a certificate).

In the same article you can find the following line:

“Forms of obtaining education and forms of training in the basic educational program... are determined by the relevant federal state educational standards, educational standards.”

What does it mean? The fact that, by law, a school, lyceum or gymnasium cannot engage in arbitrariness and offer you, for example, to pass certification in any additional subject or special course, if they are not prescribed in the Federal State Educational Standards (the same educational standards).

But this is a double-edged sword: you can consider music or, for example, fine art at least three times unimportant and a secondary subject, but any attempt to “agree” with the educational institution and “bypass” certification is doomed to failure: the school administration will remind you that There are standards by which a child must learn, regardless of the chosen form of acquiring knowledge.

Go ahead. Article 34 of the Law “On Education” states:

“Persons who are mastering a basic educational program in the form of self-education or family education, or who have studied in an educational program that does not have state accreditation, have the right to undergo external intermediate and state final certification in an organization that carries out educational activities in the corresponding educational program that has state accreditation. These persons who do not have basic general or secondary general education have the right to undergo external intermediate and state final certification in an organization that carries out educational activities according to the corresponding basic general education program that has state accreditation, free of charge. When passing certification, external students enjoy the academic rights of students in the relevant educational program.”

Please pay attention to this point. In fact, this article frees the hands of parents of “home” children. A child receiving education outside the school walls can pass certification at almost any time - even for the first time after the eighth grade, even if he has not attended school before.

No less important is Article 63, the fifth paragraph of which reads as follows:

“When parents (legal representatives) of children choose a form of general education in the form of family education, parents (legal representatives) inform the local government body of the municipal district or city district in whose territories they live about this choice.”

That is, contrary to popular belief, the municipality does not have the right to decide whether or not a family can teach a child at home. All that officials have to do on their part is to accept your notification about choosing the form of study (at the end you will find the application form), endorse your copy and wish you good luck in your independent voyage.

The next, 64th, article states that families educating children outside of schools have the right to receive “methodological, psychological, pedagogical, diagnostic and advisory assistance without charging a fee.”

The article clarifies that the costs of providing such assistance are borne by the state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

However, judging by what the parents of homeschoolers say, if such assistance is provided, it is extremely rare and in fits and starts.

Now let’s look at the articles of the Constitution that in one way or another relate to family education. The most important thing here is, perhaps, the first paragraph of Article 43, which states that everyone has the right to education. However, no doubts arise here and no explanation is required, and therefore we move on.

Paragraph 4 of the same article states:

“Basic general education is compulsory. Parents or persons replacing them ensure that their children receive basic general education.”

Some clarification is already needed here. First. Non-schooling is officially prohibited in Russia. Second (and no less important!): It is the parents who are responsible for their child’s education.

The fifth paragraph of Article 43 confirms the possibility of teaching children at home:

“The Russian Federation sets federal state educational standards, supports various forms of education and self-education.”

It is worth mentioning separately the first paragraph of Article 44. Although it does not directly relate to education, it is nevertheless connected with it: “Everyone is guaranteed freedom of literary, artistic, scientific, technical and other types of creativity and teaching. Intellectual property is protected by law.” This means that parents and children are guaranteed freedom in teaching.

That is, the transition to family education does not need justification, and parents who have chosen this form of education for their children are not obliged to explain their choice either to the administration of the educational institution or to municipal authorities.

In addition, parents do not necessarily have to have a special education in order to obtain permission to educate their child at home (as we see, permission itself is not needed).

Everyone should know this

• You can switch to family education at any time, including in the middle of the school year or even a quarter (semester).
• The decision on the timing and number of intermediate certifications is made by agreement between the school and parents. (In practice, however, this decision is made by the school; the administration of educational institutions makes concessions with great difficulty, allowing certification to be taken less frequently than once every quarter or six months.)
• The training schedule, program, teaching aids are chosen by parents at their own discretion.

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Source: https://littleone.com/publication/5610-kak-pereyti-na-domashnee-obuchenie-usloviya-zakony-poryadok-deystviy

How to switch to homeschooling?

First, you need to understand the terminology and understand what forms of education, in addition to traditional attendance at a mass school, exist in the legal field today. For example, home-based and family education are different things. Here we will talk about family matters to answer the main questions that arise for parents who understand that a regular school is not suitable for their children.

1. Is it possible to transfer a child to family education at his own request?

That's the only way it's done. The younger the child, the more the parent’s own desire is in this; the older, the more it is his choice.

To be specific, according to Article 17 of the current Law “On Education,” there are several ways of education: at school full-time (i.e., like most children), not at school (family education), at school part-time or part-time (like serious child athletes, for example). To choose a form of education, no one’s permission or approval is needed, only a balanced and conscious decision of the family.

Article 17. Forms of education and forms of training

1. In the Russian Federation, education can be obtained: 1) in organizations engaged in educational activities; 2) outside organizations carrying out educational activities (in the form of family education and self-education).

2. Training in organizations engaged in educational activities, taking into account the needs, capabilities of the individual and depending on the volume of compulsory activities of the teaching staff with students, is carried out in full-time, part-time or correspondence form.3. Education in the form of family education and self-education is carried out with the right to subsequently pass, in accordance with Part 3 of Article 34 of this Federal Law, intermediate and state final certification in organizations engaged in educational activities.4. A combination of various forms of education and forms of training is allowed.

Read also: Maternity leave for the father of a child: how to apply and what payments will be made

2. In what cases is this advisable?

Family education is as pointless as public education

Each family comes to a decision in its own way. The general answer, perhaps, is this: when the goals of family and school are so divergent that it is no longer possible to interact peacefully. It is difficult to give examples, because there will always be a person who will find them unconvincing - they say, this is not a reason to leave school, you can be patient.

I will say in general terms: some want to spend more time with their family, others want to build their educational program outside of school more flexibly (figure skating in the morning, theater studio in the afternoon, Spanish courses in the evening), others have realized that the quality of education in a public school is nowhere It’s not good, and if you try it yourself, it won’t get any worse.

3. Who should I contact when a decision is ripe?

According to paragraph 5 of Article 63 of the Law “On Education”, about the child’s transition to a family form of education, it is necessary to inform either the city education department or the local government body of the municipal district or city district at the place of residence. Exactly who to inform depends on the size of your locality. First you need to call the education authority, and they will direct you.

5.

Local self-government bodies of municipal districts and city districts keep records of children who have the right to receive general education at each level and who live in the territories of the corresponding municipalities, and the forms of education determined by the parents (legal representatives) of the children. When parents (legal representatives) of the children choose the form to receive general education in the form of family education, parents (legal representatives) inform the local government body of the municipal district or urban district in whose territories they live about this choice.

4. Can transfer to family education be refused?

The formulation of the question is fundamentally wrong. Parents do not ask permission; they inform local authorities about their decision. Therefore, they cannot not allow it.

5. Does the child remain “attached” to a specific school?

School is voluntary. About alternative education in Russia

Teachers are required to come to those children who are constantly studying at the school where these teachers work - if for some reason (for example, illness) the children cannot attend classes. If the parents have chosen family education, the teachers do not owe anything to the family and will not come.

The issue of “attachment” arises only in connection with passing the certification. To do this, you really need to come to the director in advance, meet him and tell him about your plans to be certified at this school. On the eve of the exams, the director, by his order, will enroll the child in school for the period of passing the intermediate certification, and after passing he will expel him.

The child does not have to be assigned until the moment of certification; today this is the State Examination Examination after the 9th grade. But still, most parents organize exams earlier, for example, after each year of study or after 4th grade.

But not everyone turns to nearby schools for this. Online contacts with schools are very popular among family members.

There are offers on the Internet of schools that can take your child’s exams for a fee.

6. At what age can I switch to family education?

Theoretically, in any case, you need to understand that the decision is not related to age, but to those tasks of development and organization of the child’s life that become too difficult to solve while attending school.

There is also a risk that, after “living” for several years in school, a child will not be able to understand why and how one can live without school.

7. Do I need to write tests?

Only those works that you have discussed with your certification center are required. And what exactly it is, the nearest school or an external office in Novosibirsk, doesn’t matter. However, writing tests for self-test is certainly useful. Although not necessary.

8. Is it necessary to report on the qualifications of hired teachers?

The moment of parental responsibility will arise during the certification period. If a child passes the certification with grades of “3” and above, everything is great, and no one cares how exactly you achieved this.

9. How to take the Unified State Exam?

The Unified State Exam is a form of passing the state final certification (GIA). As with any certification, the child needs to select subjects in advance and write an application at the nearest school.

If you still have questions, here are some more Newtonew materials on alternative education: A day in the life outside of school, About school without desks, Learning outside of school: 4 main concerns.

Source: https://newtonew.com/parenting/homeschooling-how-to

3 types of homeschooling: homeschooling, distance learning and family education

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This is a way to organize the educational process for children who are seriously ill. By law, homeschooling is not a form of education.

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If the child’s intelligence is intact, the child can study according to general education programs, but at home or in a hospital. For example, if it is necessary to give injections by the hour or the school is not wheelchair accessible.

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For students in need of long-term treatment, disabled children who, for health reasons, cannot attend educational organizations, training in educational programs of primary general, basic general and secondary general education is organized at home or in medical organizations.

                                                                                                                                              Article 66 of the Federal Law “On Education”.

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A child studying at home remains in the school population. He is given textbooks, he, like everyone else, writes tests and passes exams. If desired, he can attend some lessons at school, and if possible, study using distance learning technologies (more on this later).

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The list of diseases that give the right to home education was approved by the Ministry of Health in 2016. To transfer a child to such training, a medical and social examination report and a statement from the parents are required.

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Based on medical documents and regulations of the constituent entity of the Federation, the school issues an order to organize home education. An individual curriculum and schedule are approved, and teachers who will attend the child are determined.   

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Pros of homeschooling

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1. Gives sick children the opportunity to study in regular rather than specialized schools.
2. Allows you to keep up with the school program during long-term treatment or rehabilitation.

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Disadvantages of homeschooling

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1. It cannot be used if the child is in poor health but not disabled.
2. The curriculum includes only basic disciplines. In technology, life safety and other “optional” subjects, the child most likely will not be certified.  
3. Often teachers have neither material nor personal interest, and they are not very conscientious about their responsibilities towards homeworkers.
4. Almost complete lack of socialization.

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Distance learning

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This is a way for teachers to interact with students at a distance, when the child communicates with the teacher via video call, does assignments online, or simply sends some work electronically. In this case, certifications are usually taken in person.

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Legally, distance learning is not a form of education. Children studying in this way are usually part-time and master the program using distance learning technologies (DET).  

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Distance educational technologies are understood as educational technologies implemented mainly using information and telecommunication networks with indirect (at a distance) interaction between students and teaching staff.

                                                                                                                                               Article 16 of the Federal Law “On Education”

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The procedure for using DOT is regulated by the order of the Ministry of Education and Science dated January 9, 2014. In regular schools, they are most often used as an aid in teaching children with disabilities, as well as for conducting lessons in remote settlements.

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Pros of distance learning

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1. Allows you not to go to school every day. This is especially true for children who live far from her and have health problems.
2. You can study without leaving home. The main thing is to have a computer and the Internet at hand.

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Disadvantages of distance learning

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1. Not all schools work with DOT. Most often these are private and paid.   
2. The child is part of the school population and must obey its rules: attend consultations and exams on strictly defined dates, complete assignments according to a set schedule, and so on.
3. Live contact with teachers is usually minimal; most of the program is designed for self-study.

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Family learning

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This is a form of receiving education outside an educational organization. This implies a conscious voluntary departure from school and the education of the child through the family. At the same time, he, like all schoolchildren, receives a certificate, since he is required to pass the state final certification.

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In the Russian Federation, education can be obtained in organizations engaged in educational activities; outside organizations carrying out educational activities (in the form of family education and self-education).

•                                                                                                                                           Article 17 of the Federal Law “On Education”
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• The reasons for leaving for family education are varied:
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• Parents and children are dissatisfied with the school. When they teach something and somehow or there are constant conflicts.

• The child's abilities are above average, and he is bored in regular lessons. The opposite is also possible, when your own pace of training is required.

• The child is a professional athlete or musician and does not have time to attend classes.

• The family often moves or lives in another country.

1. ‍
2. The transition to family education is carried out as follows: notification of local authorities, selection of a school for passing intermediate (final) certifications and organization of the educational process.

3. ‍

Confusion between homeschooling and homeschooling arises because in both cases the child is in a home environment. But home-based learning is not a form of education, but a necessary measure for children with disabilities. Homeworkers are assigned teachers who receive a salary from the school.

Family education, on the contrary, is a manifestation of freedom, and it is available to absolutely everyone. The organization of the educational process lies with the parents; compensation for family education is not provided in all regions.

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Family and distance learning are confused due to the fact that parents often connect online schools for their children. This is really very convenient, since moms and dads don’t have to deal with the kids themselves. For example, at Foxford Home School, lessons are held in the format of webinars, and they are taught by professional teachers.

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The benefits of family education

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1. This is a full-fledged form of education.
2. This is the most flexible form of education, giving maximum freedom - from choosing a program to choosing a school for certification.  
3. Available to everyone.
4. Allows you to give your child high-quality knowledge, taking into account his interests and needs.
5. You can study online at a convenient pace, without being tied to the location and rules of a particular school.

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Disadvantages of homeschooling

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1. Not all children are able to learn without supervision from the school, and parents do not always have the resources to streamline the educational process.
2. Family education is still new in Russia. We have to explain that you can study outside of school and that’s normal.  

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conclusions

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• Home-based and distance learning are not forms of education in the Russian Federation and are not suitable for everyone.

• Family education is a form of education established by federal legislation. It is available to everyone.

• Family education is confused with home education, since in both cases the child does not go to school.

• Family and distance learning are mixed because in both cases learning takes place remotely, using gadgets and various programs.

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For greater clarity, we will demonstrate the differences between the three types of homeschooling through a table.  

Foxford online school is an assistant in teaching a child at home. During lessons you can communicate directly with teachers and peers. Classes are taught by teachers from the best universities in Russia. Each lesson comes with interactive homework and an electronic summary. Personal curators help monitor progress and maintain motivation.

Source: https://externat.foxford.ru/polezno-znat/3-vida

How to switch to Homeschooling and what you need for this - Guide

By law, every child aged 7 to 17 years must receive primary, basic general or secondary education at school.

But in recent years, in the Russian Federation, parents are increasingly deciding to leave their children at home and teach them themselves or hire teachers. The legislation also provides for this aspect.

Most often, parents of primary school students resort to this form of education when, in their opinion, the child is not yet mentally or physically ready to sit at a desk for half a day, to receive a large flow of information and competition among other students.

In this article we will look at how to switch to home schooling, the features of this procedure and what documents are needed, as well as the pros and cons, and other important points.

What is homeschooling in simple words?

Homeschooling is one of the options for obtaining an education, which involves studying all educational subjects outside the walls of the school. In this case, the student must undergo intermediate and final certification.

From the history of home education it is known that it appeared long before the creation of the first school institutions, and for a very long time it was the only existing way to get an education. Initially, it was used only by wealthy families who had the time to educate their children on their own or the money to hire a governess.

Read also: Fine for lack of registration: in the passport; The child has

In simple words, homeschooling is a process in which a child, without attending a special educational institution, receives all the same skills and knowledge as if he had attended it.

Now there are two types of home education in Russia:

1. For medical reasons.
2. At the request of the parents.

In the first case, studying at home is sometimes the only real way for a disabled child to get a diploma.

In turn, the school cannot but accept such a student, and is obliged to provide his parents with all the necessary materials.

In addition, teachers must come to the child’s home every day, provide assistance in mastering the material and check the completed homework.

In the second case, home schooling at the request of parents in the chosen institution is not always possible, since the charters of some schools do not provide for such an event. Then all that remains is to find the institution that provides such an opportunity.

However, in this case, the school is only obliged to provide the parent with all the necessary material, but teachers are not required to visit the student.

That is, the child first studies according to the received plan, and then takes a test, the results of which determine whether home schooling will be extended. Regardless of what kind of education a parent has, he should try to make every effort to ensure that the student fulfills the norm every day according to the curriculum and then successfully passes the final papers.

In addition, home education is divided into the following types:

1. Home-based education with partial school attendance - this option is intended more for children who have serious medical conditions that limit their attendance at school. In order to slightly lag behind their peers, they are sometimes allowed to come to class for lessons.
2. Family education - the educational process is organized by the parents themselves, who either teach the child themselves or attract a special teacher. In this case, the child is officially enrolled in school and can even occasionally attend classes. Exams must be taken annually, and after completing the last class, a diploma is issued.
3. Homeschooling at school - this option is designed specifically for children with disabilities . It involves studying the school curriculum at home with or without teachers and further passing tests and exams also outside of school. But permission for this form of training is granted only with a special certificate issued by the medical commission.
4. External education is ideal for students with a high level of knowledge who quickly and easily master the school curriculum. The child takes exams immediately after one or even several years of standard education (intermediate tests are not used in this case).
5. Distance learning - in the age of computer technology, this method of obtaining education is suitable for children who live far from a school institution or for those who want to gain knowledge from a more qualified teacher. This method can also be used as an additional method to visiting an educational institution. In the case of a complete change of school, the student will receive all necessary materials through a special online system. But communication with the teacher via Skype is also allowed. Tests are also given remotely.
6. Unschooling is the most radical option for gaining knowledge. School is completely excluded from the child’s life. Parents take full responsibility for their child's education and do not adhere to any curriculum.

Regulations

In order to find out how to switch to homeschooling at will or for medical reasons, parents need to study the following regulatory documents:

1. Law “On Education in the Russian Federation” No. 273-FZ.
2. Order of the Ministry of Education No. 1015.
3. Order of the Ministry of Education No. 1400.
4. Letter from the Ministry of Education “On receiving education in a family form.”
5. Federal educational state standard (FSES).
6. Legislative acts of individual subjects of the Russian Federation.

We also separately note that when organizing the process of learning at home for your child, you should take into account local regulations approved by the school institution in which the child will undergo final certification.

The need for translation

In some cases, there really is no need to mock a person. It is better to provide her with all the conditions for home education. Now let's give examples of the reasons why children are transferred to study at home:

1. If the child has good mental abilities and is an order of magnitude ahead of his peers in development . For example, if his class only learns to write and read in syllables, but he already knows the entire program several years in advance. He will simply not be interested in being in class, and he will lose his desire to learn. In such situations, children are sometimes transferred one or two classes further.
2. If a child has a hobby, which in the future may become his main profession . For example, artist, dancer, etc. It is extremely difficult to mix this with studying at school.
3. If parents are constantly traveling for work, this has a negative impact on their child . Only a constant change of place of residence can lead to stress, and if you regularly end up in a new school group, then there can be no talk of successful studies.
4. If parents do not want their child to study in an educational institution for ideological, moral and other reasons.
5. If the child is seriously ill and cannot attend school on a regular basis.

How to Homeschool with All the Benefits

Now let's look at how to transfer a child to home schooling. The algorithm of actions is almost always the same, with the exception of cases where the child is with disabilities.

First, you need to decide on the specific type of home education that is right for your child. If the reason for the transfer is his disability, then you need to prepare a package of documentation that will confirm this (you can see the full list of certificates and testimony only in the city department).

If the commission makes a positive answer, then parents need to draw up an application addressed to the director of the institution that has been selected or address it to the education department, referring to Law No. 274-FZ of December 21, 2012 “On Education in the Russian Federation” and attach the prepared papers to it .

You can submit your application either in person or by mail. In the first case, two copies of the document are provided and one of them must bear the date, month of reception and the seal of the institution.

Separately, we note that this statement does not require approval, it is for informational purposes only. It must be submitted so that the school or its supervisory authority does not decide that the child is simply skipping school.

After this, you will have to look for a school institution that provides home education. And then, together with teachers, draw up a home education program (a plan according to which the child will be educated outside the school walls). The principal will select teachers who will attend the student, and parents will be required to keep records of progress.

If the child does not have any medical restrictions that would prevent him from studying at school like everyone else, then parents only need to independently come to the decision of transferring to home schooling, and then simply write an application addressed to the school director.

In this case, a commission will also be assembled, to which not only parents, but also the student will be called in order to find out how he himself feels about this idea.

If a positive decision is made at the end of the meeting, the child will be assigned to this school and will continue to come to it to carry out certification work.

Note! In the case of concluding an agreement with the school administration on family education, the child has the right to start going to school every day at any time (to study full-time). If the certification results do not satisfy the teachers, the school has the right to terminate the contract.

Homeschool Programs

The home learning program is provided by teachers of the educational institution. It includes almost all the same subjects that students study full-time. The school is also obliged to provide all the necessary literature, which is issued to all other students.

A home-schooled student must master only basic subjects. As for lessons such as music, drawing, physical education, etc., it is not necessary to complete the program for them.

In addition, it is not prohibited to use the Internet resource. For example, now on the Internet you can find many special work programs for each class:

1. "Globe School"
2. "Algorithm homeschooling center."

However, it should be noted that the parent will have to pay for them and the cost of the program depends on the type of program and the information covered.

Homeschool conditions

The legislation of the Russian Federation clearly defines the conditions for home schooling. The most important thing is that the child must master the entire program provided by the state and prove this at the end of the year in the exam.

By law, a child must be given a certain number of hours of home schooling per week:

1. From 1st to 4th grade – 8 hours.
2. From 5th to 8th grade – 10 hours.
3. In 9th grade - 11 o'clock.
4. In 10th and 11th grade – 12 hours.

These standards are prescribed in the curriculum of each educational institution. The total number of training sessions during the period of study in primary school cannot be less than 2900 hours and more than 3345 hours. And for 5 years of study in secondary school - from 5264 hours to 6020 hours.

The conditions of home education also provide for the issuance of a school completion document. But it is possible to obtain this document only upon successful completion of the certification.

Certification: how knowledge is tested

There are 3 types of student certification:

1. Current.
2. Intermediate.
3. Final (state).

In the case of family education, ongoing certification is not carried out. To be able to pass the intermediate and final certification, the child is enrolled in a school as an external student.

At the legislative level, it is not stipulated that a child must undergo an annual interim assessment. It only says that he can simply take part in it. In order for a student to be allowed to take it, his parents must write a statement shortly beforehand. It is usually held at the end of the school year.

If an application is submitted at the end of the year, the child will not be officially enrolled in the educational institution. But if you send it in September, that is, at the beginning of the school year, then the school will even provide the opportunity to visit the school library.

If, based on the results, it turns out that the child has not fully mastered the school curriculum at home, the school will create academic debt, which will need to be paid off within a specified period, otherwise the student will be forcibly transferred to full-time education.

Reference ! When choosing family education, a parent should remember that, according to Article 44 of the Education Law, the entire responsibility for ensuring that the child receives the required amount of knowledge lies with him. And the school is only obliged to organize certification. And according to Article 45 of the same law, a parent has the right to sue teachers who are inactive.

There are often cases when, during exams, teachers make more stringent demands on children who were home-schooled. But it also bears fruit. Due to in-depth study of subjects, their knowledge will be an order of magnitude superior to ordinary schoolchildren.

Pros and cons of homeschooling

The most important advantage of homeschooling is the individual approach. Only a parent knows effective methods that will help to quickly understand the topic and how long the child can withstand being in a sitting position. In addition, there are a number of advantages:

1. While traveling, you can continue the learning process.
2. It does not matter what means will be used for training. This can be not only textbooks, but also articles from the Internet, magazines, television, etc.
3. When homeschooling, the child is not exposed to a different worldview from the one held by his family.
4. The entire process is always controlled by an adult, so poor performance in this case cannot happen.
5. If a child is too sensitive, this will help him avoid persecution by peers and humiliation from teachers.
6. Thanks to constant attention, the child is more disciplined than someone studying in the classroom.
7. A close relationship between a child and parents has a beneficial effect on their family bond.

In Russia, statistics are not kept on the level of development of homeschooled students, but according to research by American educators, adults who were educated at home are more open, more often take part in various events, etc.

• Several years ago, the main disadvantage of homeschooling was considered to be a lack of support from society, and even some contempt.
• Now there is also such a problem, but thanks to the presence of many groups on social networks, websites and forums, other parents are beginning to be more loyal to the concept of home schooling.
• Other disadvantages of this method of education include the following:

1. It is necessary to spend a lot of personal time and effort on it, and since in most cases both parents work, this process is extremely difficult to carry out.
2. Lack of time for other household chores (laundry, cleaning, cooking, etc.).
3. The stressful state of a parent who is constantly afraid that his child will not pass a test can have a negative impact on the child, and sometimes even lead to a nervous breakdown.

Read also: Tax on childlessness: in Russia and the USSR, what percentage

People often believe that school is a rehearsal for adult life, where children learn to independently solve problems, get out of conflict situations, find compromises, defend their interests and act in a competitive environment.

Opponents of a child’s home education also argue that he will thus not receive sufficient communication with peers. And this in the future may negatively affect adaptation to the new team. But this problem can be avoided by enrolling the student in different clubs (dancing, drawing, judo, etc.).

Conclusion

In this article, we talked about how you can switch to home schooling and further actions for parents and children. For some, this is the only way to become educated and receive a certificate.

However, parents should take into account all the complexities and features of this process, especially if the child is already in high school, where quite complex subjects begin and in order to master them everything needs to be explained in detail.

Source: https://FinFocus.today/perevod-na-domashnee-obuchenie.html

The Ministry of Health has published a list of childhood diseases that provide grounds for home schooling

Order of the Ministry of Health No. 436n dated June 20, 2016 approves the list of diseases, the presence of which gives the right to study in basic general education programs at home. The list contains 60 items.

Clarifications have been made to the previously existing list of diseases. The names of diseases have been changed according to the International Classification, and the features of their course have been specified.

1. C00-C97 Malignant neoplasms (in conditions of long-term use of immunosuppressive therapy, in the presence of side effects or adverse reactions associated with the use of the drug, in the condition after transplantation).

2. D30-D61 Aplastic anemia (in conditions of long-term use of immunosuppressive therapy, in the presence of side effects or adverse reactions associated with the use of the drug, in the condition after transplantation).

3. D66-D67 Blood clotting disorder (severe).

4. D69 Purpura and other hemorrhagic conditions (severe or in conditions of long-term use of immunosuppressive therapy, in the presence of side effects or adverse reactions associated with the use of the drug).

5. D89 Selected disorders involving the immune mechanism. (severe or in conditions of long-term use of immunosuppressive therapy, in the presence of side effects or adverse reactions associated with the use of the drug).

6. E10 Diabetes mellitus type I (severe).

7. F06.6 Organic emotionally labile (asthenic disorder). (With persistent, significant, uncontrolled behavioral disorders that do not pose a danger to themselves and/or others, in the form of pharmacoresistance or long-term selection of therapy).

8. F07 Personality and behavioral disorders due to disease, damage and dysfunction of the brain. (With persistent, significant, uncontrolled behavioral disorders that do not pose a danger to themselves and/or others, in the form of pharmacoresistance or long-term selection of therapy).

9. F20-F29 Schizophrenia, schizotypal and delusional disorders. (With persistent, significant, uncontrolled behavioral disorders that do not pose a danger to themselves and/or others, in the form of pharmacoresistance or long-term selection of therapy).

10. F30-F39 Mood disorders (affective disorders). (With persistent, significant, uncontrolled behavioral disorders that do not pose a danger to themselves and/or others, in the form of pharmacoresistance or long-term selection of therapy).

11. F70-F79 Mental retardation. (With persistent, significant, uncontrolled behavioral disorders that do not pose a danger to themselves and/or others, in the form of pharmacoresistance or long-term selection of therapy).

12. F84 General disorders of psychological development. (Severe, with persistent, significant, uncontrolled behavioral disorders that do not pose a danger to oneself and/or others, in the form of pharmacoresistance or long-term selection of therapy).

13. F90.1 Hyperkinetic behavior disorder. (Severe, with persistent, significant, uncontrolled behavioral disorders that do not pose a danger to oneself and/or others, in the form of pharmacoresistance or long-term selection of therapy).

14. F95.2 Combination of vocalisms and multiple motor tics (de la Tourette's syndrome). (Severe, with persistent, significant, uncontrolled behavioral disorders that do not pose a danger to oneself and/or others, in the form of pharmacoresistance or long-term selection of therapy).

15. F98.1 Encopresis of inorganic nature. (Severe degree, stool anointing is excluded).

16. F98.8 Other specified emotional and behavioral disorders. (Severe, with persistent, significant, uncontrolled behavioral disorders that do not pose a danger to oneself and/or others, in the form of pharmacoresistance or long-term selection of therapy).

17. G12 Spinal muscular atrophy and related syndromes (Severe movement disorders that make it difficult to find and move in a wheelchair).

18. G24.1 Idiopathic familial dystonia. (Severely, due to drug resistance or selection of therapy).

19. G24.2 Idiopathic non-familial dystonia. (Severely, due to drug resistance or selection of therapy).

20. G25.3 Myoclonus. (Severely, due to drug resistance or selection of therapy).

21. G25.4 Drug-induced chorea. (Severely, due to drug resistance or selection of therapy).

22. G25.5 Other types of chorea. (Severely, due to drug resistance or selection of therapy).

23. G25.8 Other specified extrapyramidal and movement disorders. (Severely, due to drug resistance or selection of therapy).

24. G31.8 Other specified degenerative diseases of the nervous system (with long-term use of immunosuppressive therapy, side effects of drugs, severe motor impairment, mobility in a wheelchair).

25. G35-G37 Demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system (with long-term use of immunosuppressive therapy, side effects of drugs, severe motor impairment, mobility in a wheelchair).

26. G40 Epilepsy (With frequent seizures, including the risk of developing status epilepticus, against the background of long-term selection of anticonvulsant therapy).

27. G43 Severe migraine.

28. G71.0 Muscular dystrophy. (If there are severe motor impairments that make it difficult to find and move in a wheelchair).

29. G71.2 Congenital myopathies. (If there are severe motor impairments that make it difficult to find and move in a wheelchair).

30. G71.3 Mitochondrial myopathy, not elsewhere classified. (If there are severe motor impairments that make it difficult to find and move in a wheelchair).

31. G71.8 Other primary muscle lesions. (If there are severe motor impairments that make it difficult to find and move in a wheelchair).

32. G72.8 Other specified myopathies. (If there are severe motor impairments that make it difficult to find and move in a wheelchair).

33. G80 Cerebral palsy. (If there are severe motor impairments that make it difficult to find and move in a wheelchair).

34. G82 Paraplegia and tetraplegia (If there are severe motor impairments that make it difficult to find and move in a wheelchair).

35. H16 Keratitis. (Often recurrent, with long-term use of immunosuppressive therapy, side effects of drugs, etc.).

36. H20.1 Chronic iridocyclitis. (Often recurrent, with long-term use of immunosuppressive therapy, side effects of drugs, etc.).

37. H30 Chorioretinal inflammation. (Often recurrent, with long-term use of immunosuppressive therapy, side effects of drugs, etc.).

38. H46 Optic neuritis (Often recurrent, with prolonged use of immunosuppressive therapy, side effects of drugs, etc.).

39. H33 Retinal detachment and tears. (Within 1 year after surgical treatment).

40. H40.3-H40.6 Glaucoma. (In the terminal stage). Q15.0 Congenital glaucoma. (In the terminal stage).

41. I50 Heart failure stages 2 and 3.

42. J43 Emphysema. (Severe, condition after lung transplantation).

43. J44 Other chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. (Severe, condition after lung transplantation).

44. J96.1 Chronic respiratory failure of 2 and 3 degrees of severity.

45. K50-K52 Non-infectious enteritis and severe colitis.

46. K72.1 Severe chronic liver failure.

47. K74 Fibrosis and cirrhosis of the liver (Condition after liver transplantation).

48. L10-L14 Severe bullous disorders.

49. L20-L30 Dermatitis and eczema. (Severe, with long-term use of immunosuppressive therapy, side effects of medications, etc.).

50. M05-M14 Severe inflammatory polyarthropathy, with prolonged use of immunosuppressive therapy, side effects of drugs, etc.

51. M24 Joint lesions. (Conditions after surgical treatment requiring long-term immobilization).

52. M30-M36 Systemic connective tissue lesions. (With long-term use of immunosuppressive therapy, side effects of drugs, etc.).

53. M91.1 Juvenile osteochondrosis of the femoral head (Legg-Calve-Perthes) after surgical treatment and requiring immobilization.

54. N01-N08 Severe glomerular diseases, with prolonged use of immunosuppressive therapy, side effects of drugs, etc.

55. N10-N16 Severe tubulo-interstitial kidney diseases, complicated course, condition after kidney transplantation.

56. N18 Severe chronic renal failure.

57. T90 Consequences of head injuries. (Complicated by the presence of a defect in the bones of the cranial vault, requiring surgical treatment, etc.).

58. T91 Consequences of neck and torso injuries. (Requiring long-term immobilization in a plaster cast and/or mobility in a wheelchair).

59. T93 Consequences of lower extremity injuries. (Requiring long-term immobilization in a plaster cast and/or mobility in a wheelchair).

60. T94.0 Consequences of injuries involving several areas of the body. (Requiring long-term immobilization in a plaster cast and/or mobility in a wheelchair).

Source: https://www.pravmir.ru/minzdrav-opublikoval-spisok-detskih-bolezney-dayushhih-osnovaniya-dlya-domashnego-obucheniya/

What to remember when transferring your child to home schooling

Let’s figure out who homeschooling is absolutely not suitable for, and for whom this option may be the only possible one.

In recent years, various forms of home education for school-age children have become increasingly popular in our country.

Ekaterina Kazak, psychologist, author of the children's game “The World in an Envelope” and mother of three sons, talks about whether it is worth transferring a child to home schooling and how to do it.

The Federal Law “On Education” provides for several forms of home schooling. It should be noted that it is parents who have the right to choose the form of education that suits their children.

Home-based education refers exclusively to cases where attending an educational institution is not possible for the child. The teacher often comes to the house, the child studies, takes exams remotely or in the presence of the teacher.

Distance education is close to home-based education. The child is also enrolled in school, but is taught remotely. The student must regularly write tests in accordance with the school curriculum.

Family education is the freest form. The child is educated according to an individual plan, which is determined for him by his parents. In this case, the child must undergo a program determined by the Ministry of Education, and his knowledge must be confirmed by certification.

Let's figure out who homeschooling is primarily suitable for and for whom this form of education may be the only possible one.

• For children whose parents consider the school education system to be outdated, who are not satisfied with something in the school education system. For example, a large number of students in a class, the quality of teaching of certain subjects, and so on.

• Families who often move from place to place due to the nature of their parents’ work. Frequent changes of schools and classes can have a negative impact on the child, so in this case, home schooling may be an ideal option.

• Families who live very far from the school. The time and material costs of transporting a child to school and back often place an unbearable burden on the entire family.

• Children who are involved in professional sports or music. In this case, the choice of educational institution falls on specialized schools, but such schools are not always located close to home.

There are no particular difficulties in the design. Despite the fact that the law is the same for the entire country, local branches of the Department of Education may have their own bureaucratic nuances.

First, you need to go to the school to see the head teacher of studies.

It is better to do this at the end of May or beginning of June.

In the best case, the head teacher (or director) will talk with you and discuss all the necessary details. If a constructive conversation did not work out for one reason or another, then you need to leave a statement about your decision to the school secretary (always assigning a number) and go to the local department of education.

In accordance with the chosen form, you write an application and enter into an agreement with the school, according to which the school is obliged to provide all educational materials free of charge, and you undertake to undergo certification.

Such an agreement is concluded once a year. It is in the contract that you specify the relationship with the school: do you need textbooks, communication with the teacher, the opportunity to attend some lessons, additional clubs and sections, as well as the frequency and form of certification. This is an important question!

Think ahead about what you want from school.

When I entered into an agreement with the school to educate my middle son, our school offered us a lot of options for interaction (in distance learning): from attending elective classes any day of the week to a completely external form of passing exams, that is, once a trimester or once a year .

My son has the right to attend all excursions with his class, holidays, events, Olympiads at will and can return to the regular form of education at any time.

For my child, this form of learning has become the most effective and comfortable.

Homeschooling isn't for everyone, and that's something to keep in mind.

• This form is not suitable for active extroverted children; for them, studying at home will be a real punishment.

• Homeschooling requires a lot of parental involvement. Keeping track of the school curriculum, schedule, achievements, failures - all this requires discipline, first of all, from an adult.

If parents are not ready to get involved in the educational process, then switching to a home-based education is fraught with a loss of quality of education for the child.

• School gives the child not only education, but also socialization. If a child is educated at home, parents should make sure that their child attends additional clubs and sections that expand their understanding of the world and other people.

Homeschooling should not become a prison for a child.

The world has changed a lot over the past decade. The possibilities for remote education are truly endless. There are a huge number of online schools, video lessons on the school curriculum and more, allowing you to give your child an excellent education without leaving home.

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Source: https://letidor.ru/obrazovanie/o-chem-nado-pomnit-pri-perevode-rebenka-na-domashnee-obuchenie.htm