In the first grade at 8 years old: the law on education, problems with enrollment, a boy

Two bills are being prepared for the first reading in the State Duma, giving an advantage to younger children when entering the first grade of the school where their older brothers and sisters are already studying.

One document that amends the Law “On Education in the Russian Federation” has already been considered by the State Duma Committee on Education and Science.

Another - a package of amendments to the Family Code - passed through the Committee on Family, Women and Children.

Why is this necessary? Nowadays, they first take on the guys who live nearby, in the “assigned” territory. If demand is increased and there are not enough places for everyone, the family is offered another school. So it turns out that siblings often study several kilometers away from each other.

Students will be officially allowed to work at school

There are four children in the large family of Yekaterinburg residents, the Shantsevs. Two of them are schoolchildren. But, alas, they go to classes at different addresses: the ten-year-old daughter goes to Lyceum No. 180, and the eight-year-old son goes to school No. 200.

The parents planned to send their son to the same place where their daughter was studying. In the literal sense of the word, they were on guard on the start day of registering children for first grade: immediately, as soon as midnight struck, they sent an application through the government services portal. But the system showed an error.

I had to start all over again.

Only at 1.07 am the long-awaited message appeared on the monitor: “Registered.” As a result, the application was 187th in the electronic queue. And since the lyceum enrolled only 150 first-graders, the Shantsevs remained outside its threshold...

“No, I’m very pleased with my son’s school, he has a good teacher,” says mother Anna Shantseva. - But how difficult and inconvenient it is when children are in different schools! Vacations do not coincide, so a joint vacation turns into exotic. Parent meetings, on the contrary, are held every day.

Two different schools mean two different lives in one family. Vacations are at different times, but parent meetings, on the contrary, can coincide on the same day

In the new school year, the Shantsevs’ daughter will continue to study in the first shift, and her son will start in the second. And another schoolchild is growing up in the family. And if he is enrolled in a third school...

RG experts explain the legal aspects of education in the “Legal Consultation” section

— Considering that the child’s right to study with his brothers and sisters is inextricably linked with his right to live and be raised in a family, with the right to communicate with members of his family, it is proposed to establish that children living in the same family and having a common place of residence have the right of preferential admission to study in primary general education programs in state and municipal educational organizations in which their brothers and sisters study, says Pavel Krasheninnikov, one of the authors of the initiative to amend the Family Code, Chairman of the State Duma Committee on State Construction and Legislation.

Vasilyeva: Schools can choose a six-day or five-day week

According to the head of the psychology department of the Kazan branch of the Moscow Social and Humanitarian Institute Lyudmila Blinova, there are a lot of advantages in these amendments. By the way, she herself was fundamentally looking for an opportunity for her grandson to enter the same school where her tenth-grader granddaughter studies.

- What's good here? Teachers and schools do not need to waste time getting an idea of ​​the characteristics of a child from an already familiar family. It’s also easier for parents: they know the teachers. That is, contact between the school, the first-grader and parents is established much faster,” says the psychologist.

Amendments to the Law “On Education in the Russian Federation” propose to give preference to children of teachers: to the school where their parents work

There are other advantages too. The older child will feel responsible for the “younger”. And the brother or sister themselves will know that there is a loved one at school who can always help and support.

By the way, the bill that amends the Law “On Education in the Russian Federation” suggests that only younger children from large families will receive benefits for admission to first grade. But what is very important is that it is proposed to give an advantage to the children of teachers. Moreover, upon admission to the school where their parents work.

The amendments to the Family Code are “broader”: preferential benefits are prescribed for absolutely all families with two or more school-age children.

At the same time, as experts emphasize, for most mothers and fathers there is still no big problem in getting the youngest child into school with the older one. If the whole family lives together, if the children are registered in a house that is located next to the school, she is obliged to take them.

Your brother or sister will know that there is a loved one at school who will support you. /iStock

It’s another matter if the family moves and a transfer from class is needed. There may be problems here. But in this case, the director often meets the parents halfway.

There is one more aspect. Many elite schools that occupy first positions in the rankings do not admit students from the first grade. And, for example, from the fifth, from the eighth and even from the ninth. To get there, you have to pass serious exams - and in this case there can be no talk of any “family” preferences: healthy competition decides everything.

• In addition, many schools have their own profile - the humanities or, for example, physics and mathematics.
• If one child has a talent for drawing, and another has a talent for physics, there is no point in “pushing” them into one lyceum.
• A comment
• Yulia Solovyova, vice-president of the Union “Professionals in the field of educational innovations”:

Putin proposed transferring control over school meals to municipalities

— It is difficult to predict how the new amendments will be implemented in practice. In Moscow, for example, where the right of parents to educate their children in one general education organization seems to be realized, this problem needs to be considered from a completely different angle.

Capital schools are large territorial complexes. Formally, children can go to one educational organization, but to different departments, which are located at a considerable distance from each other.

In addition, separate buildings are often allocated for primary schools, which means that parents whose children study in primary and secondary schools will still be forced to build rather long routes, taking into account the distances.

Therefore, the bills in the form in which they are presented today would still not solve the problem of many Muscovites.

There are schools that have selected students and will continue to select them based on their abilities. There's no problem with that.

Not all children will be able to cope with certain educational programs, even if parents really want to send their child to this particular school.

As for individual schools, there will still be “queues” in them, “live” ones - when parents are on duty at the doors of buildings at night, or electronic ones - when parents try to be the first to press the right button - all this will not go away.

1. Just the facts
2. Who will be accepted into first grade?
3. “Children from six years and six months, but no later than eight years are accepted into the first grade,” the Ministry of Education told RG.
4. When and where to sign up?

What should a child be able to do by the end of first grade?

Each school is assigned specific areas. She is obliged to accept all children of suitable age who live on “her” territory. Registration of future “assigned” first-graders begins no later than February 1 and ends no later than June 30.

Parents must apply to their local school. For children who do not live in the assigned territory, applications for first grade begin on July 1.

At the same time, schools that have already accepted all “local” children can begin accepting “non-registration” children earlier.

What if the school refuses admission?

The school administration may refuse to admit “assigned” children only due to lack of free places. “If this happens, contact your local education authorities, where they will tell you about available places in nearby schools and help you resolve the issue of placing your child in first grade,” the Ministry of Education said.

What's new for schools and kindergartens in 2019?

How many kindergartens will be built in the regions? How will the lives of teachers change? When will the new law on school meals come out? Deputy Prime Minister Tatyana Golikova and Minister Olga Vasilyeva spoke about the most important changes that await the Russian education system at the board of the Ministry of Education.

Places for the little ones

By the end of 2019, the availability of places in nurseries throughout the country should be 94% percent. Dry numbers? Yes, but behind them are real kindergartens, which are being built in all regions. In 2019-2021, more than 108 billion rubles will be allocated from the federal budget to ensure that all families in need are provided with places in nurseries.

“In May of this year, the number of children without places in nurseries amounted to 120.1 thousand. Of these, 114.3 thousand are aged from one and a half to three years,” said Tatyana Golikova.

According to her, in 2018-2019, 120 facilities have already been built for children from two months to three years. However, in 64 cases there were problems obtaining a license. And without it, an educational organization cannot work. “I draw the attention of the Ministry of Education, Rosobrnadzor, and the regions: we need to intensify work and obtain these licenses by September 1,” the Deputy Prime Minister emphasized.

New school standards

The content of education must be seriously updated. New school standards (FSES) have already been developed and have undergone wide public discussion.

This year, all ninth grade students took an oral interview.

According to Rosobrnadzor, more than 30 percent of ninth-graders did a poor job of retelling the text, and about the same number were unable to logically and consistently construct their 2-3-minute statement on the chosen topic.

To get into the top ten countries with the best school education, the content of lessons needs to be seriously updated. This is obvious to everyone. In the meantime, according to the Ministry of Education, we are approximately 14th in the world.

“The new standards will significantly strengthen the content of education,” emphasized Minister Olga Vasilyeva. — Following the updating of the standards, we will update the approximate basic educational programs in 2019.

Last year, we approved six concepts in the subjects of social studies, life safety, physical education, the areas of art and technology, as well as a concept for the development of geographical education.

Work continues on concepts in astronomy, biology, physics, chemistry, and native languages.

Talents will receive grants

The active search for talent will continue, the creation of children's technology parks, regional centers for identifying and supporting gifted children. As well as new clubs and sections.

How to get your child ready for first grade

— In 2019, 150 thousand places should be created for additional education for children. Digital, natural science, technical and humanitarian centers should be created in 8 thousand schools located in rural areas and small towns, said Tatyana Golikova.

At the same time, Minister Olga Vasilyeva emphasized that the main and most widespread tool for finding and supporting talented children remains the All-Russian Olympiad for Schoolchildren - more than 6 million children participate in it.

What's new here? As a rule, the guys who win the national stage of the subject Olympiad go to represent our country at international competitions.

Starting this year, schoolchildren who are winners of international Olympiads, as well as their mentors, will receive grants ranging from 400 thousand to a million rubles.

Read also: Large families in Yaroslavl: benefits, payments, travel, plots

Personnel will grow

A serious personnel “reboot” is underway. Thus, a bill is being prepared for the first reading in the State Duma that will allow students without pedagogical education to officially find employment in schools. Lead, for example, clubs and sections. “We expect that we will quickly advance this bill,” Tatyana Golikova emphasized.

• Another important change is the new positions: “senior teacher” and “lead teacher”.
• “The new positions will not only increase the prestige of the teaching profession, but also bring back the full-fledged institution of mentoring to school,” says Olga Vasilyeva.
• It is also planned that the changes to the Law “On Education in the Russian Federation” adopted this year will reduce the “paper” bureaucratic burden on teachers by an average of 30 percent.
• Dinners will be tastier

A bill is being prepared for submission to the State Duma, which should change the school nutrition system - many problems have accumulated in this area. Dishonest suppliers, non-transparent competitions, low quality products...

“The bill is extremely important for the health of our children. We are talking about hot meals at school. And now it is almost reaching the final stage of legislative registration,” said Tatyana Golikova. “There is a desire and need to support this topic, including from the federal budget.

Source: https://rg.ru/2019/06/03/komu-pomozhet-semejnaia-lgota-pri-zapisi-pervoklassnika.html

In the first grade at 8 years old: the law on education, problems with enrollment, a boy

Every child in the Russian Federation has
the right to receive primary, secondary and general education.
Most parents apply to attend school at age 7.
However, in some situations you can go to first grade at
age , which is enshrined in legislative documents.

Education Act

The main legal act regulating schooling is Law No. 273-FZ of December 29, 2012 “On Education”.

It states that a child can enter first grade if he has reached the age of 6.6 months. If on September 1 the future first-grader is younger, then he must pass the Psychological-Medical-Pedagogical Commission (PMPk), which will issue a conclusion on readiness for school.

At the same time, the maximum age for enrollment in 1st grade is also stipulated. It should not exceed 8 years. The number of months is not taken into account in this case.

Therefore, a child can enter first grade after 8 years of age if there are reasons for this.

Most often, parents submit documents for education later in the case when a minor has problems with speech or intellectual development.

In such a situation, a PMPk conclusion is necessary. If a child is over 8 years old and his parents do not send him to school, then his right to receive primary education is violated.

Can there be problems
enrolling in school after age 8

• There will be no problems with enrollment in an educational organization if the minor is between 6.6 and 8 years old on September 1.
• If you plan to send your child to school later than the deadlines established by law, you must write an application addressed to the head of the educational organization to which the future student is assigned in the area.
• There are parents who are interested in the age at which they can enroll in first grade.
• The maximum period is 8 years, however, the start of studies should not be delayed unless there are compelling reasons for this.
• Psychologists believe that a child’s adaptation to school is better at 6.6-7 years of age.
• It is recommended that a child enter first grade at age 8 in the following situations:

• hyperactivity;
• delayed
  speech development;
• emotional
  immaturity;
• low
  motivation;
• retardation
  , etc.

At the same time, the conclusion of the PMPK will allow the child to be sent to study in a correctional institution or in a general education institution according to an adaptive program.

Parents have the right not to provide an extract about the commission’s decision to a secondary school. This is confidential information that PMPK members do not have the right to disclose.

In this case, the child will study with other children according to the regular program chosen by the teacher or school, but will not receive specialist help.

Parents of boys who later went to school are worried that they will graduate at conscription age.

After completing secondary education, a child, even if he is over 18 years old, is given time to enter higher education institutions. Thus, the boys will be drafted in the fall if they do not receive a deferment for their studies at the university.

Download a sample application for admission to 1st grade at school. [31.00 KB]

How many lessons in 1st grade: according to sanpin, in the 1st and 2nd quarters, there should be.

Mental and physical readiness
of the child for school

When deciding at to send
to first grade , parents should consider the following points:

• the intellectual development of a preschooler must correspond to age standards;
• emotional maturity;
• health status;
• motivation to learn;
• independence;
• socialization, etc.

1. Parents often believe that if a child can read, count and write, then he is ready for school.
2. However, emotional maturity is of great importance, which is responsible for the student’s composure in class, the ability to make decisions, and establish social contacts.
3. Often, even intellectually prepared children have problems in learning if they are not psychologically prepared.
4. It is not recommended to
   rush into first grade if the preschooler has health problems, including
   :

• chronic
  diseases;
• weakened
  immune system;
• recent
  surgery or injury.

• It should be borne in mind that going to school places physical and mental stress on the child, since the entire regime changes completely and responsibilities are added.
• Therefore, children with poor health may experience deterioration in their physical condition and complications after illnesses.
• Preschoolers with intellectual or speech problems studying in kindergarten under special correctional programs are graduated after mastering it on the basis of the conclusion of the PMPK.

If the child meets the age norm, he will not be able to stay in kindergarten to continue his education.

Therefore, if he has reached the age of 7 years, he will be released from the preschool organization.

Parents can contact the kindergarten administration to continue education if they plan to send him to school only at the age of 8, however, they may be refused legally.

Parents or other legal representatives of a minor are required to send him to school for 8 full years on September 1, the number of months is not taken into account.

In other words, if a child was born in November 2012, then he can enter 1st grade in 2019, 2020 or 2021.

1. Each case is individual, so it is necessary to consider the psychological and physical development of a preschooler, his readiness to learn.
2. If you send your child to school early, he may cope poorly with the program and have problems with peers and teachers.
3. Psychologists do not recommend delaying admission to first grade too much if the preschooler is fully ready for learning and does not have developmental disabilities.

What documents are needed for school in 1st grade: when to submit.

Conclusion

• The Law “On Education” states that a first-grader can come to school between the ages of 6.6 and 8 years.
• If parents plan to send their child away at age 8 for objective reasons, then they should write an application addressed to the administration of the chosen educational institution.
• If a preschooler does not attend school at the age of 9, his legal representatives may be held administratively liable for dishonest performance of parental responsibilities and violation of the rights of a minor.  

At what age is it better to send a child to school?

Source: https://pravasemei.ru/deti/shkola/mozhno-li-otdat-rebenka-v-shkolu-pozzhe-8-let/

How to send a child to 1st grade at the age of 8 years and a few days? — Pravoved.RU

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Good evening!

They sent the child to 1st grade at the age of 7, although they saw that he was not ready. Moreover, the child was born prematurely in August and was already 7 years old when he entered school. But the law... Now my son has big problems. 2 psychologists noted that he was psychologically unprepared for school, “the position of a student has not been formed,” etc.

The child is openly suffering at school, as shown by a psychological test. Is it possible to pick up my son now and bring him back to 1st grade in a year? The teachers at our school scare us with the PMP Commission and tell us horror stories. There is also little pleasant information about this commission on the Internet. But there is another opinion: just a fine of 500 rubles and that’s it.

All? Please tell me what is the easiest and most correct way to remove a child from school and bring him back a year later?

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Lawyers' answers (2)

Elena, good evening!

According to Part 1 of Art. 67 of the Federal Law “On Education in the Russian Federation” dated December 29, 2012 N 273-FZ

Receiving preschool education in educational organizations can begin when children reach the age of two months.

Receiving primary general education in educational organizations begins when children reach the age of six years and six months in the absence of contraindications for health reasons, but not later than they reach the age of eight years.

At the request of the parents (legal representatives) of the children, the founder of the educational organization has the right to allow the admission of children to the educational organization for training in educational programs of primary general education at an earlier or later age.

P. 10.

1 Resolution of the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation dated December 29, 2010 N 189 “On approval of SanPiN 2.4.2.2821-10 “Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for the conditions and organization of training in educational institutions” established:

The optimal age for starting school is no earlier than 7 years. Children aged 8 or 7 years of age are accepted into 1st grade. Admission of children in the 7th year of life is carried out when they reach the age of at least 6 years 6 months by September 1 of the school year.

Those. The child must go to school no later than when he is 8 years old, which parents must take care of. At the same time, starting school is possible at a later age if there is appropriate permission from the school founder.

Since your child will already be 8 years old when he enters school next year, you should contact the founder of the school (the city administration) with an application to admit your child to the first grade of the school after he reaches 8 years old, i.e. from the next academic year. It is he who has the right to decide the possibility of starting a child’s education at an age later than established by law. I advise you to discuss this issue with the school director before submitting an application to the school founder.

As for the PMPK, the examination of the child by the commission is carried out exclusively with the consent of his parents.

According to clause 14 of the Order of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia dated September 20, 2013 N 1082 “On approval of the Regulations on the Psychological, Medical and Pedagogical Commission” 

Examination of children, including students with disabilities, disabled children before they graduate from educational organizations implementing basic or adapted general education programs, is carried out by the commission upon a written application from parents (legal representatives) or at the direction of educational organizations, organizations providing social services , medical organizations, other organizations with the written consent of their parents (legal representatives).

Moreover, in accordance with clause 23 of the Order

The commission's conclusion is advisory in nature for parents (legal representatives) of children.

The conclusion of the commission submitted by the parents (legal representatives) of children is the basis for the creation by executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, exercising public administration in the field of education, and local government bodies, exercising administration in the field of education, educational organizations, other bodies and organizations in accordance with their competence conditions recommended in the conclusion for the education and upbringing of children. The conclusion of the commission is valid for submission to the specified bodies and organizations within a calendar year from the date of its signing.

If you agree to undergo the PMPK, and your child will pass it, you will be given a commission conclusion, on the basis of which you will be able to send your child to study at school at a later age or carry out other actions related to the child’s receipt of general education. Please note that you are not obliged to provide the commission’s conclusion to anyone, and the conclusion itself is not a mandatory document.

Read also: Family car program 2020-2021: conditions, list of cars, what it is

I would like to note that if you take your child out of school and apply to school next year, then the school management is obliged to admit him to school, regardless of his age. The only reason for refusal is lack of vacancies.

Part 1 art. 5.35 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation provides for the responsibility of parents:   

Failure to fulfill or improper fulfillment by parents or other legal representatives of minors of duties for the maintenance, upbringing, education, protection of the rights and interests of minors - entails a warning or the imposition of an administrative fine in the amount of one hundred to five hundred rubles.

This violation still needs to be proven. Considering that you probably have documents confirming your contact with specialists and the size of the sanction, it is unlikely that they will initiate a case under the article.

good day, Elena!

But there is another opinion: just a fine of 500 rubles and that’s it. 

This is a fundamentally wrong opinion. 500 rubles (by the way, it may be less, there is a fine from 100 to 500 rubles) - this is a fine on parents for failure to fulfill their obligations to ensure that their children receive a general education. The fact is that Article 63 of the Family Code of the Russian Federation directly provides:

2. Parents are obliged to ensure that their children receive a general education. 

Well, for violation of this obligation an administrative fine is provided. 

Just paying such a fine will not solve the problem. The Education Law clearly states that primary general education begins before children reach 8 years of age. In fact, it also states that:

At the request of the parents (legal representatives) of the children, the founder of the educational organization has the right to allow the admission of children to the educational organization for training in educational programs of primary general education at an earlier or later age.

If you are from Volgograd, then you will have to resolve the issue of enrolling your child in school through the Department of Education of the Volgograd City Administration. You will most likely solve it (the issue), but you will have to run around.

In my opinion (although you know better, of course), if your son is now, as you write, having problems at school, it is unlikely that something will change radically in less than a year.

Maybe it’s worth resorting to the help of child psychologists without interrupting your child’s studies at school? Now you will take him out of school, then the child will be afraid to go back to school next fall.

Think about it. This is an outside opinion, of course. You know better.  

But about:

What is the easiest and most correct way to remove a child from school?

here, too, by the way, there may be problems. 

Formally, everything is simple. Article 61 of the Federal Law “On Education in the Russian Federation” states:

2. Educational relations may be terminated early in the following cases: 1) on the initiative of the student or parents (legal representatives) of a minor student , including in the case of transfer of the student to continue mastering the educational program to another organization carrying out educational activities;

 That is, you can write a statement about termination of educational relations and pick up documents from the school.

But school directors, as a rule, take the position that educational organizations (represented by these same directors) are responsible for children receiving basic general education, and therefore if a parent wants to terminate the educational relationship, he must bring something like the consent of another school to receive a child. It’s just that the documents may not be given to you now.  

In short, think again. Talk to the school principal and find out her opinion. Good luck to you!

Sincerely! 

Source: https://pravoved.ru/question/2140720/

6 or almost 8: at what age should a child be sent to school?

If your baby was born in the fall or winter, you have probably already wondered at what age to send him to school - at 6 or almost 8 years old. When and how to understand whether it is worth rushing, or, conversely, it is better to extend the carefree life of a child for another year - we will tell you in this material. We’ll also find out what experts think about this.

According to the letter of the law

The law interprets the question that torments many parents unambiguously - according to the Federal Law of the Russian Federation “On Education in the Russian Federation,” children should go to school no earlier than 6.5 years and no later than 8. That is.

if by September 1 the child is less than six and a half years old, then no matter how smart and developed he is, he will have to wait a while for school.

If the child’s age falls within the legal limits, then the decision to start school is made by the parents themselves.

"School maturity"

• In order not to harm your child by making the wrong choice, you should correctly assess the degree of his “school maturity”, which consists of several components:
• level of preparation - can the child read and write, can he paint and draw accurately, how developed are fine motor skills (modeling, handling scissors, stringing beads, etc.);
• level of preparation - can the child read and write, can he paint and draw accurately, how developed are fine motor skills (modeling, handling scissors, stringing beads, etc.);
• health - does the child get sick too often (“often” is once every one and a half to two months), are there any chronic diseases, is the condition of the “three pillars” of the future schoolchild’s body - vision, spine and stomach - normal, does he get tired quickly, needs whether in daytime sleep;
• temperament - is the child restless or diligent, is he able to concentrate on one activity for more than 15 minutes, does he rush through the playground like a whirlwind, pushing other children aside, or prefers to play calmly with peers;
• motivation - does the child want to sit down at his desk as quickly as possible, does he readily respond to an offer to read or solve a simple problem, does he get upset at the thought of leaving kindergarten.

Gender matters

As a rule, six-year-old girls adapt to school faster and more successfully than their male peers. In addition, girls develop faster; they become uninterested in studying surrounded by “kids” if they are the oldest in the class. Therefore, if we return to the “legal” age range for a first-grader—from 6.5 to 8 years—then it is recommended to send girls to school closer to its lower limit, and boys to the upper limit. But, of course, all children are different and the decision in each case is made individually.

If you still have doubts

If you find it difficult to determine your child’s readiness on your own, the following will always come to your aid:

Important!

If you yourself notice that the child is generally developed, but does not “meet” for school in certain respects, for example, cannot sit in one place for a long time, gets lost in an unfamiliar environment, cannot cope with writing, reading or counting, you should not get your hopes up. that “the school will sort everything out.” It is better not to stress your child and wait another year.

Natalya Voloshina

Source: https://zen.yandex.ru/media/id/5b14f6b3714e9100a86ae3c8/5b164acaefa27700a9eb4487

Is it possible to send a child to school before the age of 6 years and 6 months?

At what age is it best to send a child to school? Today, the age of children who go to school varies from 6 years to 8 years. Many parents of 6-year-old children, seeing that the child can read and write, that he is very capable, send him to school.

There are parents who understand that even at 7 years old it will be difficult for a child to study even according to a regular, not complicated program. Such parents are concerned with the question: is it possible to send a child to school at the age of 8? The possible age for starting education largely depends on the child’s psychophysiological readiness for learning.

This component is one of the most important components of a child’s readiness for school. Parents often pay attention to the child’s intellectual readiness. Various tests will help determine whether a child is ready for school.

You can do them yourself with your child at home, or you can ask help from psychologists or teachers.

There is an approximate age specified in the law that allows parents to send their child to school. In Law No. 273-FZ of December 29, 2012 “On Education in the Russian Federation” (hereinafter referred to as the Law) and in Resolution No. 189 of December 29, 2010 “On approval of SanPiN 2.4.

2.2821–10 “Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for the conditions and organization of education in general education institutions” (hereinafter referred to as SanPiN) states that the optimal age for starting school education will be the age of 6 years and 6 months and no later than the age of 8 years.

Excerpts from regulations:

1. The optimal age for starting school is no earlier than 7 years. Children aged 8 or 7 years of age are accepted into 1st grade. Admission of children of the 7th year of life is carried out when they reach the age of at least 6 years 6 months by September 1 of the school year (clause 10.1 of SanPiN).

2. Receiving primary general education in educational organizations begins when children reach the age of six years and six months in the absence of contraindications for health reasons, but not later than they reach the age of eight years (Clause 1, Article 67 of the Law).

Thus, if a child is 6 years and 6 months old on September 1, then, upon the application of his parents, he is admitted to school. It turns out that the Law specifies the approximate age for starting education.

In special cases, the age limits are shifted, and depending on the decision of the parents, the school has the right to accept a child up to 6 years 6 months, as well as after 8 years.

If a child enters school under the age of 6 years and 6 months at the beginning of the school year, then SanPiN recommends that the student be taught subject to all hygiene requirements as part of educational activities for preschool children (clause 10.2 of SanPiN).

What could this mean? This may also mean following a daily routine, which includes sleep, walks, games, activities, and breaks for meals. When compiling lessons, you should include play moments and take into account that this is the leading activity of a child aged 6 years. It is necessary to take into account the need for physical activity during the day.

If a student is enrolled in school at an early age (the student is not yet six and a half years old), then, in accordance with SanPiN, he must be provided with appropriate conditions for staying at school (1st grade in the kindergarten premises, separate rooms for the bedroom).

Early start of education is a factor that can negatively affect the student’s success in mastering the educational program. Psychological and physiological immaturity will hinder the child’s successful learning and adaptation at school, due to the high requirements for readiness for schooling. The most important thing is that problems do not start in a six-year-old child, who must sit at a desk for a long time, be attentive and focused throughout the entire school day.

What should children who come to school be able to do?

(from Letter of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation dated September 25, 2000 No. 2021/11–13 “On the organization of education in the first grade of a four-year primary school”).

First-graders must manage their behavior, know the boundaries of what is permitted, and fulfill the requirements of an adult.

They should participate with interest in various activities (educational, play, work).

Children of this age should be well informed about the objects of the world around them, show great interest in new knowledge, and have a positive attitude towards new information. The level of development of mental activity should ensure the possibility of school learning.

The speech development of children in the seventh year of life presupposes the presence of a good vocabulary (3.5-7 thousand words), the ability to correctly pronounce all the sounds of their native language and the ability to perform simple sound analysis of words.

Children's visual-spatial perception should be at a fairly high level of development. They are able to characterize the spatial relationships of objects (right-left, above-under, on-behind, top-bottom, etc.), distinguish the spatial arrangement of figures and parts on a plane.

Children of this age distinguish geometric shapes and distinguish them in objects of the surrounding world; capable of classifying figures by shape, size, color; distinguish and highlight letters and numbers written in different fonts; They can mentally find a part of a whole, complete figures according to a diagram, and construct them from parts.

The development of hand-eye coordination should allow children aged 6 years to coordinate their movements.

Children can draw simple geometric shapes, objects, intersecting lines, letters, numbers, observing sizes, proportions, and stroke ratios. At the same time, this age is characterized by poor development of motor skills of the small muscles of the hand.

The development of auditory-motor coordination should allow one to distinguish and reproduce a simple rhythmic pattern, perform rhythmic movements to music, etc.

Children of this age are capable of voluntary attention, but its stability is still low and largely depends on the conditions of the organization of learning and individual abilities. It should be noted that this applies to the same type of activity.

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Six-year-old children are able to concentrate, without distractions, engage in the same type of activity for 10-12 minutes, which determines the requirements for the organization and structure of a lesson in the first grade.

The age characteristics of children in the seventh year of life (difficulty in voluntary regulation of activity, rapid fatigue, etc.) suggest that static loads, restrictions on the motor mode, rapid switching from one type of activity to another, etc. are very difficult for them.

First-graders are able to accurately follow the teacher’s instructions if they are given clearly and concisely, and a sequence (algorithm) of actions is presented.

It is still difficult for them to evaluate the results and quality of their work, compare them with the standard, independently correct mistakes and make adjustments along the way.

However, they still have an inflated self-esteem, so the teacher’s task is to gradually and correctly form the student’s objective self-esteem.

This list shows how well children should be prepared for school. You can often observe a picture that indicates that a 6-year-old child can neither sit for a long time, nor work with concentration, nor hear the teacher’s instructions and follow them. Therefore, parents should be aware of how much their child needs education before the age of 7 years.

What should parents do if they realize that their child is not coping with the school curriculum?

Often, children who entered school at 6.6 years old show a low level of understanding and mastery of the educational program during the first school year. Approximately 30% of children need more time to adjust to their new school life.

Until the end of the first half of the year, they may prefer gaming activities to educational ones, do not immediately comply with the teacher’s demands, and often sort out relationships with peers using inappropriate methods (fighting, being capricious, complaining, crying).

These children also have difficulties in mastering educational programs.

Also in each class there are approximately 14% of children who, in addition to significant difficulties in their academic work, have the difficulties of painful and long-term (up to one year) adaptation. Such children are characterized by negative forms of behavior, persistent negative emotions, and reluctance to study and attend school.

Often they do not want to be friends with or cooperate with these children, which causes a new reaction of protest: they behave defiantly, become bullying, interfere with the lesson, etc.

 If a child who has not reached the age of 7 by September 1 experiences serious adaptation difficulties, then parents may decide to withdraw documents from school.

This case can be considered as the termination of educational relations on the initiative of the parents, which does not require written explanations from the parents or coordination with the guardianship and trusteeship authorities. Parents can refer to the child’s health status and unpreparedness for school, confirming this with the opinions of doctors or psychologists.

Parents can apply for medical certificates, conclusions or recommendations from the PMPC to the relevant organizations. If the parents send the child to school in another year, and he is not 8 years old, then there will be no violation of the law and it will be considered that the parents are fulfilling their responsibilities for raising the child (Clause 1, Part 4, Art.

44 of the Law).

Can they refuse admission to an educational organization because the child is already 8 years old or not yet 6 years and 6 months old?

The reason for refusal of admission to school cannot be the child’s insufficient age.

The rules for admitting citizens to school and the list of required documents cannot be changed depending on the age of the student.

Parents of a child have the right to refuse admission to school only if there are no free places. If a child has the right to receive an appropriate level of education, he should be admitted to school.

Excerpts from the Law:

“Admission to a state or municipal educational organization may be denied only due to the lack of free places in it” (clause 4 of Article 67 of the Law).

It should be noted that testing of students and selection of preschoolers depending on their level of readiness for school is not allowed.

Diagnosis of readiness for school can only be carried out with the consent of parents and after admission to an educational institution.

Federal legislation also does not provide for the presence of a PMPK conclusion as a mandatory condition for the admission to school of a child under the age of 6 years 6 months.

• Author - Safiulina Nuria Romanovna
• 01.07.2016
•   All consultations by the author

Source: https://eduface.ru/consultation/ombudsmen/mozhno_li_otdat_rebenka_v_shkolu_ranshe_polozhennyh_6_let_i_6_mesyacev

In Karelia they don’t understand how to apply the “law on brothers and sisters”

Russian President Vladimir Putin signed a law on the enrollment of brothers and sisters in the same school or kindergarten. Now families with several children have a guarantee that the younger ones will be able to study in the same institution with the older ones.

The need for this law has been discussed for many years. Moreover, such a norm was in force in Moscow and St. Petersburg, but the authorities of other Russian regions could not introduce it.

Changes in federal legislation were required, and now they have finally appeared.

Obviously, the new rules imply the presence of some new procedure, but difficulties have arisen with this.

The law was adopted by the State Duma on November 14, approved by the Federation Council on November 25, but for unknown reasons it came as a complete surprise to Karelian officials.

A journalist from the Petrozavodsk Speaks portal came to this conclusion while trying to figure out how exactly children will now be enrolled in schools where their brothers or sisters are already studying.

Why are we talking about schools, although the law applies to kindergartens too? The fact is that with preschool institutions everything is much simpler.

As a rule, parents line up for kindergarten almost immediately after the birth of the child; to do this, they need to submit an application and bring a number of documents to the local government.

Then, one might say, the headache of officials begins - to allocate a place for the future preschooler in the kindergarten where the first child goes.

Let’s make a reservation right away: the law does not have retroactive effect. Thus, if a family has not yet been able to enroll their children in one institution, most likely they will have to be taken to different ones until a place becomes available somewhere. One of our readers was so unlucky, who was forced to take her daughters to different parts of the city every morning.

As for enrollment in the first grades, this is entirely the task of the parents themselves. And this is where the fun begins.

The most problems with first classes, of course, are in Petrozavodsk. It is here that parents organize night vigils and hire private security companies to guard the queue.

It is here that year after year they are trying to introduce electronic registration in order to somehow bring this process into a civilized direction, but people still rush around with lists and stand guard near schools for weeks.

So it is in Petrozavodsk, in the context of the struggle for a place in the first class, that the “law on brothers and sisters” becomes most relevant.

The administration of the Karelian capital told us that parents need not worry: the law will come into force soon (specifically, December 12), and everyone who has priority for enrollment will be enrolled. Moreover, the first classes are finally and officially formed on September 5th.

However, several important questions remain. Firstly, the new law essentially gives a benefit to a huge number of schoolchildren. Does this mean that parents should line up with other beneficiaries - police officers, military personnel, etc.

? The mayor's office answers: no, this is not a benefit, but a priority (who would explain the difference!), and you can stand in the general queue, as before. Then it is completely unclear what families who do not have such a “priority” can expect.

After all, everyone will submit documents together, but someone will end up jumping the queue!

“PTZ Speaks” asked the head of one of the schools in Petrozavodsk for clarification. The director said that it makes sense for parents “with priority” to enroll along with beneficiaries, so that the institution understands how many places are left for “regular” schoolchildren.

– In essence, this is a benefit. That the police officer has priority enrollment, what is priority here. The list of preferential categories is simply expanding,” says the school director. - Therefore, we will first enroll all beneficiaries, and for the remaining places - all the rest. If it turns out that there are more beneficiaries than there are places in the school, a queue will form among them too...

By the way, now on the website of the education department you can find an explanation that indicates the categories of citizens who have priority when enrolling children in first grade. There, police officers and customs officers who benefit from benefits coexist with the “non-beneficiaries” that we are talking about now. So, what kind of queue should these people stand in – preferential or general?..

Second question. The law clearly states that advantage is given only when children live in the same family and have the same place of residence. Logically, this fact must be somehow confirmed when submitting documents. But how exactly?

The Minister of Education of Karelia, Roman Golubev, suggested that the standard set would be enough for enrollment: passport, birth certificate, registration. But a person can be registered in one place and live in another. The school director we spoke with said that parents can bring a certificate of family composition from the passport office.

– We need to see that the children live in the same apartment. A person must prove that he has a benefit,” noted the head of the institution. – I think that this can be done with two or one certificate.

The mayor's office, however, reported that the passport office issues certificates only for apartment buildings. What about private ones? In addition, if any additional documents are required from parents, this should be indicated in the admission rules, which are published on the websites of educational institutions.

Finally, do you need a certificate stating that the brother or sister of the future first-grader is already studying at this institution? The school director laughed and said that the administration of the educational institution itself would sort out this issue without unnecessary paperwork.

There is no understanding of how to act in other regions of Karelia either. The head of one of the education departments said that each school, in fact, approves its own rules.

– They should make changes to their admission rules. There is no single regulatory act at the district or republican level,” the official noted. – Our task is only to convey to subordinate institutions the information that there have been changes in the laws and that they, too, must change their local acts. But they should not request more documents than required by law!

The list of documents required for enrollment in first grade is determined by order of the Russian Ministry of Education. This is, in fact, a passport, a birth certificate, as well as a certificate of registration of the child at the place of residence or place of stay.

The head of the Petrozavodsk migration department, Olga Andilevko, believes that the latest document can be considered confirmation of the fact that the child lives at a specific address. Therefore, no additional information is required...

Maybe.

Probably because on the website of Petrozavodsk Lyceum No. 40 there is now such an announcement for parents of future first-graders. A screenshot of this announcement has already spread among parents who are planning to enroll their children in first grade.

“We inform you that the list of preferential categories for priority admission to 1st grade has been expanded. This year, children whose sisters and brothers are already studying at the lyceum can take advantage of the benefit.

To confirm that your family has this benefit, you need to obtain a corresponding certificate from the Petrozavodsk Passport Service (Gogol St., 22). The certificate must confirm that the children live in the same family and at the same address.

  For example, this could be a certificate of form No. 7. The passport service issues these certificates immediately upon application.”

So, do you need any special certificates or not? And if necessary, how does this fit in with the federal list? And if they are not needed, why do advertisements like this appear on the websites of educational institutions? Someone must answer these questions!

The director of the educational institution with whom we spoke complained that they still had not been given any explanation. Meanwhile, the submission of documents to Petrozavodsk schools will begin in a few days.

The Ministry of Education of Karelia, in response to our questions, said that educational organizations are obliged to admit children “in accordance with current legislation.”

The problem is that the legislation must be applied somehow - and in a way that is clear to all participants in this process.

 pixabay.com/en

Source: https://ptzgovorit.ru/news/v-karelii-ne-ponimayut-kak-primenyat-zakon-o-bratyah-i-sestrah