Guardianship of a child: from an orphanage, payments, disabled

Family Law > Guardianship > How much does the state pay guardians for a child?

But even the best institution cannot replace a real family. Every child needs parental care.

In order to encourage residents of the country to take orphans under their care, the government pays a special allowance.

Therefore, every person who has decided to take such a responsible step should figure out how much they pay for child custody in 2020. After all, guardians must provide the child with everything necessary.

State and regional authorities have established benefits that are due for guardianship, both at the state and municipal levels.

The legislative framework

The issue of payments to guardians of minor children is regulated by the following legislative acts:

1. Federal Law No. 48.
2. Article 32 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation.
3. Article 35 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation.
4. Article 42 of the Family Code of the Russian Federation.

In addition to legislative acts, there is also a Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation, which guarantees the receipt of financial assistance from the state to the guardian who has formalized guardianship of minor children.

The current legislation of 2020 allows for the possibility of receiving a benefit supplement or individual additional payments. This decision is made directly at the regional level.

Therefore, you need to find out about the availability of additional payments or allowances from the social protection department at your place of residence.

In what cases are payments due?

The list of conditions under which each guardian has the right to receive a monthly allowance is prescribed in the current legislation. Namely:

1. The guardian is a capable citizen who is not retired. If a man, then no older than 60 years, a woman - up to 55 years.
2. The guardian does not receive or has ceased to receive a permanent income, meaning that he does not have an official place of work.
3. A guardian takes care of a disabled child.

If the above conditions are met, you can safely apply for child custody benefits.

Types and amounts of benefits for guardians of minor children

Social benefits for caregivers are monthly financial assistance, the amount of which depends on many factors. Its main goal is to help the child's guardians cope with financial difficulties.

After all, they arise in most parents who want to provide their child with all the necessary things for normal development.

The monthly allowance for guardians of minor children is an addition to the family budget; the guardian is obliged to spend it on his ward.

Social benefits are indexed every year, so it is necessary to clarify annually how much the state pays guardians for a child.

The benefit amount changes based on various economic indicators:

• living wage;
• inflation;
• average salary level.

It is thanks to indexation that the amount of financial assistance to guardians can change every year to correspond to the realities of the economy.

In 2020, the following payments are due for guardianship:

1. Monthly benefit for a minor child under 12 years of age. Its size is 15,000 rubles. If minor children are over 12 years old, the benefit amount is about 20,000 rubles.
2. One-time state assistance after taking a minor child under guardianship in the amount of 14,497 rubles.
3. Additional regional payments, they are calculated and determined in each region by local authorities.

In addition to these payments, a child may qualify for financial assistance in the form of:

• child support, with living parents;
• disability benefits with appropriate medical confirmation.

• The state pays guardians for the child a rather large amount.
• But, first of all, it is important to remember that all this money should be spent directly on the maintenance of the child himself - on the upbringing and organization of everyday life.
• Guardianship and trusteeship authorities regularly check how financial assistance is distributed by guardians.
• Irrational use of funds will lead to the fact that the guardian may not only lose his monthly allowance, but also lose his status altogether.

Who can receive monthly guardianship benefits?

Financial assistance from the state is available to those citizens who have taken custody of children from a boarding school or orphanage.

The guardian may be related to the child under his care . After all, it often happens that natural parents die or lose their parental rights.

In this case, the relative will receive the same benefits, since he will be the legal guardian.

Both married couples and single people can become guardians . In most cases, guardianship authorities do not interfere or restrict citizens in this regard.

A person officially takes the child into their care after they sign a foster care agreement. This document is signed between the authorities that care for the baby and the adoptive parents.

Thus, the citizen becomes the child’s full guardian and has the right to receive all the benefits and payments that are due to adoptive parents.

If a child goes to study at a school, college, or technical school on a budget-funded place, then he goes into the care of the state and receives a guardianship allowance.

When an orphan enters an educational institution with full state support, payments to the guardian for his maintenance stop.

Payment processing procedure

The process of processing payments is not particularly difficult. Any guardian can easily do this if desired.

To officially apply for benefits, you should contact your local social security office. This can be done immediately after signing the foster family agreement.

The following documents are required:

1. Original foster family agreement.
2. Guardian's ID.
3. Birth certificate of a child whom a person has taken into custody.
4. Salary certificate. It may not be required, but it is better to have it with you.
5. A certificate confirming or refuting the existence of an official workplace.
6. Application for benefits. This document is drawn up in the presence of an employee of the social protection department under his supervision in order to avoid any mistakes.
7. Certificate of completion of studies by a minor child at an educational institution.

It is important to consider that if there are specific reasons for increasing the benefit, then they must be presented.

For example, if the guardian has many children or the ward child is disabled. Otherwise, the person will receive the usual payment, and not the one to which he is entitled.

What factors influence the amount of payments

The amount of payments depends on many factors. First of all, from the region of residence.

The highest amount of financial assistance is set in Moscow. This is due to the fact that each region sets its own benefit amount based on the level of wages.

1. The legislation establishes this procedure, since financial assistance to adoptive parents is paid from the regional budget, not the federal one.
2. There are regions where special conditions for the provision of financial assistance are established.
3. For example, in several regions of the Russian Federation, the amount of the monthly guardianship benefit increases several times, provided that the guardian is the head of a large family or the adopted child is not the first in a row.

But such conditions do not apply everywhere. Such information should be specified in regional legislation.

In addition, the amount of the monthly benefit depends on the child’s health status:

1. The first and second categories of health receive a standard payment. The amount of financial assistance does not increase and privileges are not taken into account in the calculation.
2. The presence of the third and fourth health groups in a child is the basis for increasing the amount of payments for guardianship of such children by one and a half to two times, or even more. You need to understand that we are not talking about the degree of disability, but about the state of health.

Thus, in Moscow the following amounts are established:

• if the health status of the ward is classified as the first and second category - 12,650 rubles for a ward under three years of age and 9,200 rubles when the child is over three years old;
• if the child’s health condition is classified as the third and fifth groups - 25,000 rubles.

The last influencing factor is indexing, information about which has already been mentioned.

Allowance for a guardian to care for a child up to 1.5 years old

• In accordance with the law, a guardian has the right to receive benefits for caring for a child up to one and a half years old.
• The fact that guardianship is paid does not matter.
• The minimum amount of the corresponding payment in 2020 is:

• for the first child - 2908.62 rubles;
• for the second and subsequent children - 5817.24 rubles.

This amount of benefit will be paid to the guardian for the care of a child up to 1.5 years old, even if he receives remuneration for guardianship.

Thus, payment of remuneration does not cancel the obligation to provide child care benefits.

Temporary guardianship

Quite often, a minor child is left without parental care for a long period. The reasons for this problem can be completely different - mother’s incapacity, long business trips, etc.

Such situations force parents to send their children to special children's institutions. But if there are relatives and their desire, they can easily obtain guardianship of the baby.

Before obtaining temporary custody of a child, close relatives must collect all documents that confirm the fact that the parents are unable to independently care for their child for a certain period of time.

Only documented facts will be taken into account . To facilitate the guardianship procedure, parents themselves can contact the local guardianship authorities and nominate one of their closest people for the role of temporary guardian.

After some time, when the life situation of the parents changes, they will again have the opportunity to take care of their child. The guardianship agreement can be canceled without any problems.

1. In accordance with the law, temporary guardians of minors are entitled to the same social benefits as permanent guardians.
2. Registration of benefits can begin after the guardianship and trusteeship authorities have documented the status of the guardian and signed all the relevant documents.
3. Thus, citizens who take custody of children other than their own are provided with financial assistance from the state.
4. The amount of monthly benefit payments depends on many factors and may therefore change.
5. Social assistance is an addition to the family budget of the guardian, which he is obliged to spend on his ward.

Source: http://semeinoe-pravo.net/skolko-platyat-za-opekunstvo-nad-rebenkom/

Amount and procedure for making payments to child guardians

Every person who, for whatever reason, has decided to become a guardian is interested in the same question - what payments are due for guardianship of a child?

What legal provisions govern this issue? How can I apply for benefits?

In what amount and what documents may be required? Are there any regional surcharges or not?

Let's consider all these questions in detail.

Legislative regulation

The issue of paying benefits to a guardian is regulated by almost the same legislation as the procedure for entering into such a form of arrangement as a “guardian”.

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If we specify this issue, we are talking about such legislative acts as:

• Federal Law No. 48;
• Articles 32 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation;
• Article 35 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation;
• Article No. 146 of the Family Code of the Russian Federation.

In addition to these legislative acts, there is also a Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation, which guarantees the receipt of financial assistance from the state to the guardian who has formalized guardianship of minor children.

It is worth noting that current legislation allows the possibility of providing guardians with an additional allowance to benefits or individual additional payments.

Decisions on this are made directly at the regional level in a particular region of residence.

For this reason, the availability of additional payments or allowances must be found out in the social protection department at your place of residence.

In what cases are payments due?

Today, the current legislation clearly defines the list of conditions under which each guardian has the right to receive a monthly benefit.

In particular, we are talking about the following conditions :

• the guardian is a capable citizen who is not yet a citizen of retirement age: for men - no older than 60 years, for women - up to 55 years;
• the guardian does not receive or has ceased to receive official income (in this case, this means the absence of an official place of work);
• The guardian provides direct care for a child who is disabled.

Types and amounts of benefits

In 2019, under guardianship, you can receive the following payments:

• monthly allowance for a minor child under 12 years of age in the amount of 15,000 rubles. In the event that a minor child is over 12 years old, the amount of the benefit is about 20,000 rubles;
• one-time state assistance upon the transfer of a minor child to a guardian in the amount of 17,479.73 rubles;
• additional regional payments, which are determined and calculated in each specific region by local governments.

However, in addition to these payments, the minor child himself has the right to count on additional financial assistance , which may take the following form:

• alimony if his parents are alive;
• disability benefits, if he has appropriate medical confirmation.

Of course, the amount of assistance that can be received directly by the guardian himself is quite large, but first of all it is necessary to remember that all these funds should be spent directly on the child’s own life - his upbringing and organization of everyday life.

If the guardianship and trusteeship authorities establish the fact of irrational use of funds, you can not only lose your monthly allowance (it will no longer be accrued), but also lose your status as a guardian.

Payment processing procedure

The registration process is not complicated and any guardian can handle it if he or she wishes.

Let's look at the whole order one by one.

Where to go

In order to apply for payments for a child, you must contact the territorial department of social protection of the population at your place of residence.

At the same time, you need to remember one nuance: before going to the social protection department, you must contact the guardianship and trusteeship department to draw up an agreement on a foster family; without this agreement, it will be impossible to issue payments.

What documents need to be provided

The basic list of documents consists of the following components:

• original agreement on foster family;
• original passport of the guardian;
• birth certificate of the child taken into custody;
• salary certificate. It is worth noting that it is often not required, but it is still advisable to have it with you;
• a certificate that confirms or denies the fact of having an official place of work;
• application for benefits. This document is drawn up with an employee of the social protection department under his strict guidance in order to avoid any errors;
• a certificate of completion of studies by a minor child in any educational institution.

It is also worth noting that if the guardian has many children, then in order to increase the amount of the benefit, he must present a document that confirms this status.

Other ways to apply for benefits

The territorial body of the department of social protection of the population is not the only body where you can turn.

When registering, each guardian has every right to apply :

• to a multifunctional service center;
• use the Internet portal “State Services”.

If we talk about the MFC , then you can contact the nearest center, which is located at the guardian’s place of residence. The list of documents is the same as when applying to the territorial department of social protection of the population.

Things are even simpler with the Internet portal “State Services” . Since the entire procedure is carried out at home or in another place where there is Internet access.

The registration procedure is as follows:

• go to the official website of “State Services”;
• go to the “Get a service” section;
• from the list provided, indicate the registration of child custody benefits;
• upload copies of documents in JPEG format;
• wait for a decision to be made;
• receive benefits.

The only nuance when registering via the Internet is the fact that if the guardian does not have a personal account on the website, you will need to register. It does not take much time, but the verification of personal information itself will take up to 5-7 business days.

Who can apply

If for some reason the guardian cannot process the benefits on his own (for example, he works), then any other person can do this for him.

However, it will be necessary to draw up a notarized power of attorney for such a person, which will confirm that he has every right to do so.

Decision-making

Regardless of how all the documents were submitted, the decision is made within 10 calendar working days , after which a response is provided regarding the accrual of benefits or refusal.

Additional regional payments for child custody

Depending on the region in which a particular guardian lives, he has the right to count on additional regional financial support .

Let's look at the example of some regions.

Moscow

In the capital of the Russian Federation, every guardian who takes a minor child directly from an orphanage has every right to count on additional financial assistance , namely, 5,500 rubles. for the first child, 14,500 for the second and subsequent ones. For the simultaneous adoption of three or more children - 50,000 rubles.

Ekaterinburg

The one-time benefit is 57,054 rubles, for a child over 10 years old, as well as brothers and sisters - 228,218 rubles, for a disabled child - 456,435 rubles.

Monthly benefits for orphans - 7962 rubles. (up to 7 years), 8758 rub. (from 7 to 12 years), 9157 rub. (from 12 to 18 years old). If the child is disabled - 10,351 rubles. (up to 7 years), 11,385 rub. (from 7 to 12 years), RUB 11,904. (from 12 to 18 years old).

Remuneration for 1 child is 3,750 rubles, if raised by a single adoptive parent - 5,300 rubles.

Each guardian has every right to count on a monthly regional supplement to payments in the amount of 1,265 rubles per disabled child.

Permian

In particular, we are talking about compensation for paying for a kindergarten attended by a minor child over whom guardianship has been established.

The monthly adoption benefit in Perm is RUB 19,272.95. with a coefficient of 1.15, in some areas with a coefficient of 1.20 - 20,110.91 rubles.

One-time payment - 100,000 rubles.

5000 rubles - upon admission of a child to 1st grade.

Chelyabinsk

In this region, there is no additional benefit as such, but at the same time, one-time assistance when registering guardianship is determined taking into account the local coefficient .

For this reason, one-time assistance here is paid in the region of 19,272.95 rubles.

For the maintenance of orphans placed in a family - 7,556 rubles. (monthly maintenance), 6112.25 rubles. — basic amount of remuneration for parents.

Additional types of assistance:

• 464 rub. — travel expenses for each schoolchild or student;
• RUB 28,654 — one-time payment for the purchase of furniture;
• RUB 41,306 - one time upon reaching 18 years of age.

For information on the size of these payments, see the following video:

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Source: http://posobie-help.ru/fss/opekunam/vyplati-opekunam-rebenka.html

How to obtain guardianship for disabled people of groups 1, 2 and 3 in 2020

The most detailed legal act within the framework of the topic can be called Law No. 181-FZ of November 24, 1995 “On the social protection of disabled people in the Russian Federation.” Also, a lot of useful information is spelled out in Law No. 48-FZ of April 24, 2008 “On guardianship and trusteeship.” According to these documents, a disabled person is a citizen who, due to certain circumstances, has become disabled.

• This procedure is simpler than adoption, but the responsibilities of the guardian and the adoptive parent differ.
• The main differences are that:

• Guardianship of minor children is registered with the guardianship authorities;
• the child’s parents are not released from the obligation to support them financially;
• the minor's first name, surname and patronymic name remain with the minor.

Guardianship can be granted in situations where:

• the child's parents died;
• the mother and father of a minor are partially limited in parental rights or completely deprived of them;
• parents have not reached the age of majority;
• the mother or father is unable to perform their duties due to health reasons.

When establishing guardianship, priority is given to the relatives of the minor. You can also adopt a child from an orphanage.

The guardianship department has special databases of children left without parents over whom guardianship can be taken.

Legal regulation of the issue of guardianship and trusteeship

A family that has taken care of a person in need must take into account all the nuances of the current legislation.

Including making transactions and other legally significant actions on behalf of the ward. If a minor citizen has reached the age of 14 years or is recognized as partially capable, then the E&P body appoints guardianship.

The latter involves providing assistance to the ward in the implementation of his rights, as well as protection from illegal actions of third parties.

In addition, the patron must coordinate legally significant actions carried out by the ward.

Features of disability groups 2 and 1

First of all, you should know about the physical capabilities of people with disabilities, which differ depending on the category.

In particular, holders of group 1 are considered incapable of independent self-care, free movement and work. And with group 2, it is possible to carry out everyday tasks with an assistant.

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Work and training under special conditions are allowed. The ability to move using technical means is retained.

Typically, guardianship is established over children. If we talk about the status of a minor, then he is not given a group under 18 years of age, therefore, regardless of the disease, he is classified as a disabled child.

But a potential guardian of a category 1 disabled person is often pre-trained in order to properly care for the ward. A legally capable and well-employed guardian must be between 18 and 80 years of age. The candidate’s health status, other significant aspects and, of course, the desire to care for a sick person are taken into account.

In group 2, the health status is a little simpler than in group 1, but there are also difficulties. That is, the applicant must meet the requirements and be able to care for the person under his care. The responsibilities of a caregiver, for example, include not only physical support, but also emotional support.

Finally, group 3 involves providing minor assistance to those in need, since an almost full life is possible in this case. If required, the guardian accompanies a disabled person of this category or helps with small things.

How to obtain custody of a child

2. The first question that arises for those who decide to take care of a minor is how to obtain guardianship of the child.
3. To do this, you need to collect documents and contact the Department of Family and Childhood.
4. The future guardian will need to prepare:

• identification;
• Marriage certificate;
• certificate of income for the last year;
• birth certificates of other children;
• certificate of no criminal record;
• consent of adult family members that they do not object to the procedure;
• certificate of ownership of the property;
• a certificate from the sanitary and epidemiological station that the housing complies with sanitary standards;
• characteristics from the candidate’s place of work;
• a certificate from a medical institution about the health status of the guardian.

It happens that guardianship authorities require the candidate to undergo mandatory training at the School of Foster Parents.

Department specialists review documents within a week. During this time, they must visit the future guardian's home to assess the living conditions for the child.

• If guardianship is being taken over a child from an orphanage, it is recommended to select a minor in advance, get to know him, and obtain his consent.
• Many people prefer to take custody of a child before adoption, since the latter procedure requires more time.
• In addition, in this case, the minor retains the status of an orphan, and he is entitled to benefits and material support from the state.

Guardians-relatives and third parties

There are also differences in terms of financial support for guardianship of disabled people. For example, if the task is assigned to a loved one of a disabled person, the guardian will have to bear a lot of responsibility and fulfill many obligations. State aid here reaches 10,000 rubles.

If an outsider has the status of a guardian, but he does not work, 1,200 rubles are charged for care. No benefits are paid upon employment.

Important! Guardianship or trusteeship is a form of protection for a disabled person in social terms, provided for disabled people of any group (mainly categories 1 and 2).

The guardian is given the right, in accordance with the procedure established by law, to manage the money of the ward for the needs of the latter, etc.

If a disabled person complains about the actions of the guardian or reports violations, the guardianship is revoked.

Guardianship of a disabled child

When submitting an application, the candidate should clearly understand the complexity of the responsibilities assigned to him. Caring for a sick child will require full dedication of physical and mental strength. In addition, the living conditions of the applicant must provide the disabled person with the opportunity to live comfortably. The guardianship authority will definitely check the availability of a separate children's room.

The procedure for registering care for a disabled child is carried out on a general basis. In addition to the application, a medical certificate establishing disability is also attached.

After a positive decision is made, the future guardian must undergo special training. During the courses, specialists will talk about the nuances of caring for people with disabilities, provide psychological training, and talk about the child’s adaptation to new conditions.

Guardians need to know that the guardianship authority controls the child’s living conditions, as well as family relationships. During the first year, supervisors will visit the trustee every 3 months, then once every six months. Unscheduled inspections are provided if the guardianship council receives an alarm from outsiders (for example, a local doctor).

Not all citizens can bear the burden of their obligations. The law allows you to voluntarily renounce guardianship or re-register in favor of another person. The ward himself has the right to ask for a change of guardian.

If a child has a serious illness, all medical reports and certificates must be submitted to the guardianship authorities.

The guardian of a minor with a disability has the right to benefits and compensation that are legally due to his parents.

The guardianship authorities will need to provide monthly information about the child’s health status.

In addition, the guardian must document that the financial assistance received from the state is aimed at treating the minor.

Guardianship of a disabled child

The registration procedure in this case is absolutely no different from the general rules of procedure. Close relatives need to prepare the same package of documents as a stranger.

It is important to meet all criteria:

• lack of parental supervision (premature death, long business trip, incapacity, deprivation of parental rights);
• having your own living space;
• age does not exceed 60 years;
• no critical health restrictions.

During the registration of guardianship, the grandson usually lives with his grandparents. And this situation is quite logical, because they are close relatives and have advantages over other applicants.

Registration of guardianship can be carried out on a permanent basis, if the child is completely deprived of parental attention, and on a temporary basis, if the father and mother are alive. In the second case, the procedure is initiated by the parents themselves, assuming their long absence and the impossibility of living together.

Adult citizens who are fully capable (without health restrictions) have the right to register their position. In addition, the potential guardian should not be listed as a person deprived of parental rights, as a drug addict, with a criminal record, etc. It is important that the applicant has his own home. In short, the candidate must undergo a thorough examination by the court.

Guardianship should be registered with the local branch of the guardianship and trusteeship authorities. The future guardian first undergoes a medical examination in order to have certificates of absence of health problems.  

1. — passport of a citizen of the Russian Federation and biography;
2. — medical reports;
3. — consent to guardianship from relatives;
4. — certificate of income and characteristics from the place of work;

• — an extract confirming the absence of a criminal record;
• — certificate of compliance of the apartment with sanitary and hygienic standards.
• — passport and certificate of disability;
• — extracts from the Pension Fund (on the amount of pension) and from the house register;
• — a judicial opinion on the incapacity of a citizen with disabilities.

It is possible that additional papers will be needed, because each case has its own nuances. In general, after submitting the documentation, within seven days, representatives of the guardianship authorities will inspect the living space of the disabled person, taking into account sanitary standards, and issue a report.

1. — autobiography;
2. — statement of desire to become a guardian;
3. — family passports, their TIN and marriage certificate;
4. - certificates of health of all family members - it is important that no one has infectious diseases or mental disorders;
5. — certificate in form 164у-96 (valid for 3 months);
6. — document on good conduct;
7. - papers drawn up in accordance with forms 7 and 9, as well as the availability of living space for a disabled person;

• - reference from work or from housing authorities, if the candidate is not employed;
• — a certificate of income from the accounting department (for workers), from the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation (for pensioners) or an extract from a working family member (if the applicant is unemployed);
• - written consent of all family members to obtain guardianship over a disabled person.
• The submitted documents and application are reviewed within 30 days.

Important! The future guardian must undergo special care courses if a disabled citizen needs special care.

Partial and full guardianship

— patronage or partial guardianship is provided for persons who need help in solving certain everyday issues, but no more;

— full guardianship is assigned to completely incapacitated people, for example, when a disabled person has mental disorders that interfere with normal self-care, etc.

In this case, the degree of legal capacity of a person with disabilities is established by the court after filing an application (this can be done by relatives of the disabled person or employees of the medical institution where the patient is observed). Based on the decision made, the appropriate type of guardianship is determined.

A medical examination of a disabled person is carried out in court, based on the results of which conclusions are formulated about the legal capacity of the person being examined. If the court has approved guardianship, the relevant document will be received by the authorities no later than 3 days, and then a guardian will be appointed to the disabled person within a month.

Conclusion

Thus, guardians of minors and incapacitated citizens have the right to receive payments provided for by current legislation. Child benefits are established not only by federal regulations, but also by regional acts.

At the same time, the list of preferences at the subject level is much wider. In order to receive compensation in connection with caring for a disabled person of group 1 or a pensioner after the latter reaches 80 years of age, it is necessary to give up work.

1. The same applies to guardianship of disabled children or persons with disabilities after 18 years of age, if the disability was confirmed before adulthood.
2. The allowance that is paid to the guardian for supervising and caring for the child can be spent on his own needs. The amount of payments depends on the region where
3. family lives.

Source: https://repetitinfo.ru/opekunstvo-materi-rebenkom-invalidom/

Guardians profit from orphanages: myth or reality? | Mercy.ru

From time to time on the Internet they will write: allowance for an adopted child is 24 thousand, children are taken in to solve their problems - make money - pay off the mortgage (underline as appropriate). We asked guardians accused of self-interest how their budgets are built, and family experts – where the real troubles are.

Photo from the site www.snob.ru

How much: benefits for “shebutnyh”

Vera Drobinskaya from Astrakhan is perhaps one of the most famous adoptive parents in Russia.

Now she has five disabled children under her care, two more have grown to adulthood and continue to live with her. The media often writes about how many benefits she receives in total - it turns out to be about 70 thousand a month.

Read also: Childbirth in America: cost, pros and cons

But what this is done for money and how much it costs to raise children with special needs is less common.

All of Vera Drobinskaya's children were taken from the orphanage

– Firstly, the allowance is the property of the child, and all expenses must be reported to the guardianship using receipts. The money should be spent on the child, and not on whatever the adoptive parent wants. Non-accountable payments for the guardian are only available when a foster family is registered.

For me, for example, it is registered for only one child,” explains Drobinskaya.

– If we consider 70 thousand rubles of benefits as my income, then we can say that the director of the orphanage, who is the guardian of all the children living in the orphanage, has a personal income of 45 million rubles, because the orphanage has such a turnover.

All of Vera Drobinskaya’s children were taken by her from an orphanage for mentally retarded children in Raznochinovka, they all have several diagnoses and, as their mother says, “shebutic”. In practice, the word “shebutnye” means that a desk lasts in a house for three months, a closet for two months, a washing machine for at most a year...

– We were given a luxurious wardrobe, I walk into the room and it’s broken. At all. It turned out that Kolka climbed into it and kicked out the wall from the inside. I don’t know a child at home who could regularly think of something like this, but these guys ruin everything. Now they have grown up, it has become calmer, but before they punched holes in the walls - in drywall. It’s not out of malice, it’s just the way children are…” says Vera Olegovna.

As a result, considerable sums pass through the family, but Drobinskaya never managed to save anything. A separate discussion is about the treatment Vera’s children need.

“There is no queue for disabled children due to financial motivation,” confirms the director of the “Change One Life” foundation, Yulia Yudina . – People who take in such children understand that no benefits will cover the necessary costs, their motivation is to help the child.

Director of the Change One Life Foundation Yulia Yudina and her family

How much: benefits for special people

Olga and Petr Sveshnikov first took care of Lesha, who had Duchenne muscular dystrophy (an incurable disease, due to which the first adoptive parents returned the boy to the boarding school), and then Dasha, who had Down syndrome. This is happening in Moscow, the benefits here are higher than in Astrakhan. Olga has already been accused of taking the children “for the sake of money.”

Olga and Peter Sveshnikov with Dasha and Alyosha
Photo from the site www.changeonelife.ru

– A fairly large amount is actually allocated for a disabled child – 25,000+12,000 rubles (those who are not working are also paid 6,000+5,500) per month. Foster families receive about 24,000 more for each disabled child - this is a salary, lists Olga Sveshnikova .

The golden mountains of guardians have been found! But then another accounting begins. Rehabilitation for Lesha, the Sveshnikovs’ eldest son, is free. But medications are not included in the list of products that are provided free of charge.

Accordingly, the family paid for deflazacort (its import is now prohibited - it is an unregistered medicine).

Previously, it cost 2,500 rubles for 20 days (in Spain 10 euros is the same amount) plus about 5,000 rubles per month for other medications.

It’s even more difficult with my youngest daughter, “sunny” Dasha. Massage at the clinic is free - 15 minutes. For a girl this is nothing.

– Our massage therapist, who knows how to work with children with the syndrome, costs 20 thousand rubles for 10 sessions. Lesha has a great speech therapist - also 2000 per session. Dasha has developmental classes - 2000 a week... - Olga bends her fingers.

– We don’t have a single specialist in their diseases in our clinic. In Filatovka, the neurologist we went to paid a fee of 2,500 rubles.

To get a referral to an ophthalmologist in Fedorovka, you have to go through fire, water and copper pipes - we go for a fee...

In Moscow, Olga Sveshnikova sums up, the situation is still good. In the regions it is already much worse.

Where can you make money from children?

It’s sometimes hard to even imagine how much worse it is in the regions.

“I know cases where in poor villages parents send their children to an orphanage, close relatives arrange for guardianship - and the family lives on benefits. But this is not a matter of enrichment, it is a matter of survival. In these regions there is no other work and no opportunity to feed children,” says Yulia Yudina, director of the “Change One Life” foundation.

“It’s not a matter of scoundrel guardians, but of the economic status of the region.” If there is no work, then, in fact, why can’t we work well as foster parents? Elena Tseplik, director of the Find a Family Foundation, agrees with Yulia Yudina .

“I think that if a person conscientiously fulfills the duties of a guardian, is engaged in the rehabilitation of a child from the orphan system, his education and socialization, then this is a very worthy job, for which the person should be thanked, and not labeled as a child trafficker.

By the way, payments to foster parents in the regions cannot be compared, for example, with Moscow. For example, in Yekaterinburg, adoptive parents receive a one-time monetary reward of 50 thousand rubles (if the child does not have a disability), and guardians and foster families receive from 8 to 9 thousand rubles per month. Is it possible to solve serious material problems with this money?

Easier to earn, but smarter to spend

Adoptive parents and guardians, reading the latest “exposure” on the Internet, are unanimously perplexed: I wonder how many adopted children the authors of these opuses have. “For some reason, the myth about selfish adoptive parents is thriving,” the director of the “Change One Life” fund is surprised, but no one has gotten rich or even made money from this.

– I would suggest that the authors of such articles live with my children for a week and then divide the allowance. I wonder if they would decide to make money like that. It’s easier to get that kind of money at a normal job,” Vera Drobinskaya is sure.

Vera herself cannot go to a “normal” job, even if a nanny stays with the children. Chaos begins at home - children after the orphanage have a painful attachment to their adult. And they study harder than those at home, even if they do not have mental retardation: they have no habit of learning or contact with the teacher. They need tutors, extra classes, attention.

“I’m not against such benefits being paid for natural children,” says Vera. “But it is clear that a child from Raznochinovka will have many problems in his family, and their solution will be costly. The choice for such a child is not between two families - paid and free, it is a choice between an orphanage and a family. Yes, if benefits were not paid, I would not be able to take so many children and help them.

If they had stayed in Raznochinovka - who would have benefited from it? For example, my Nadya was on disability, now her disability has been lifted, she studies and will work, and will return to the state everything spent through the taxes that she will pay. This is more economically feasible than keeping her in boarding schools all her life; it’s just that the money spent on benefits will not be returned tomorrow, but after some time.

A selfish family is better than a “selfless” orphanage

Even if people take a child without experiencing any special emotions, rationally calculating, among other things, to improve the budget, the family will be better than an orphanage.

– In any case, individual family education and attention is better for the child. Ordinary “biological” parents are also not all entirely academics, not everyone is very concerned about getting straight A’s in school or early development, or high sports achievements of their children, says Elena Tseplik, director of the Find a Family Foundation.

– But the child will definitely be unhappy in the orphanage, and after graduation he will almost certainly join the army of the socially disadvantaged: he will not be able to work, study, or create a happy family. Therefore, yes, any family is better with one exception: if the situation there threatens the life and health of the child.

But this happens extremely rarely with guardianship families: they are all controlled by guardianship authorities.

Director of the Find a Family Foundation Elena Tseplik

At the same time, financial incentives for the family, especially in the form of one-time payments, are not enough.

Schools for foster parents have been made mandatory by law, but state educational institutions do not train specialists for them, which means that training most often takes place formally.

In principle, we do not have such an institution as a center for support and accompaniment of foster families, Elena Tseplik laments.

– People bring into their homes complex, very specific children with health problems, failures in the school curriculum, “pack” behavioral patterns and lack of social skills. No amount of money will help overcome this “rainbow” of problems.

Parents inevitably experience very, very serious discomfort and have nowhere to turn for help.

When a foster parent comes to the guardianship authorities with his problems, he is told: “You can’t cope with your child! Give it back,” says Elena.

“The problem is not with selfish adoptive parents and guardians, but with the fact that children began to be returned to their birth families who were not prepared for this (returning to a family is good, but before that you need to work with the family),” Yulia Yudina destroys stereotypes.

– Today, children are often not removed from families where the situation is difficult and children are in danger of violence. There is a goal to reduce the number of orphans in the data bank by 30%.

Children are kept out of the system as much as possible - and this is the right approach, but then there must be work with the family, their rehabilitation and help.

So, financial support for adoptive parents is not a disaster from which it is necessary to protect unfortunate orphans. Selfish adoptive parents and guardians probably also exist, but that’s what the guardianship authorities are there to identify them, preferably even before the child is handed over to them. The question of who benefits from stirring up negativity around people who take children from orphanages remains open.

Source: https://www.miloserdie.ru/article/opekuny-nazhivayutsya-na-detdomovcah-mif-ili-realnost-2/